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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Health Serv Outcomes Res Methodol. 2016 Dec 26;17(3-4):175–197. doi: 10.1007/s10742-016-0168-2

Table 1.

Simulation study results with n = 300; Maximum ASB, Standardized Bias, Standardized Var, and Standardized MSE all multiplied by 100, tm(Y, X) indicates the MSE-based method that uses outcome information, tm(X) indicates the MSE-based method that does not use outcome information, ta(0.20) and ta(0.10) indicate the ASB-based methods that use a 0.20 and 0.10 threshold, respectively, tp(0.05) and tp(0.10) indicate the p-value based methods that use a 0.05 and 0.10 threshold, respectively

n=300

Setting (i) Setting (ii) Setting (i) Setting (ii)
Method # of Trees Maximum ASB


Unweighted 70.02 70.01
TWANG 502 494 23.49 23.38
tm(Y, X) 176 446 40.55 23.44
tm(X) 452 445 23.62 23.52
ta(0.20) 461 453 23.97 23.86
ta(0.10) 501 493 23.50 23.39
tp(0.05) 378 369 25.38 25.35
tp(0.10) 445 436 24.17 24.08
Standardized Bias Standardized Var


Unweighted 11.56 36.49 1.36 1.46
TWANG 4.27 12.36 1.61 1.62
tm(Y, X) 5.78 12.39 1.60 1.60
tm(X) 4.31 12.46 1.60 1.60
ta(0.20) 4.37 12.62 1.60 1.60
ta(0.10) 4.27 12.36 1.61 1.62
tp(0.05) 4.62 13.42 1.56 1.56
tp(0.10) 4.40 12.74 1.59 1.59
Standardized MSE Design Effect


Unweighted 2.69 14.77 1 1
TWANG 1.79 3.14 1.22 1.21
tm(Y, X) 1.93 3.13 1.10 1.21
tm(X) 1.78 3.15 1.21 1.21
ta(0.20) 1.79 3.19 1.21 1.21
ta(0.10) 1.79 3.14 1.22 1.21
tp(0.05) 1.78 3.36 1.19 1.18
tp(0.10) 1.79 3.21 1.20 1.20