Table 2. Factors associated with pathological response to preoperative CRT.
| Factor | Responder (n = 21) | Non-responder (n = 73) | P-value | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P-value | |||||
| Age (years) | ≤ 60/> 61 | 7/14 | 39/34 | 0.105 | 1.831 (0.617–5.438) | 0.276 |
| Gender | Male/Female | 14/7 | 49/24 | 0.969 | ||
| AV-tumor distance (mm) | ≤ 40/> 41 | 13/8 | 38/35 | 0.425 | ||
| Tumor size (mm)1 | ≤40/>40 | 12/9 | 44/27 | 0.690 | ||
| Histological type | well, mod, pap/por | 20/1 | 72/1 | 0.399 | ||
| CEA | negative/positive | 17/4 | 52/21 | 0.576 | ||
| CA19-9 | negative/positive | 21/0 | 67/6 | 0.332 | ||
| KRAS2 | wild type/mutant | 10/9 | 42/31 | 0.701 | ||
| cT3,4 | 2, 3/4 | 21/0 | 65/8 | 0.192 | ||
| cN3 | 0/1, 2 | 11/10 | 32/41 | 0.488 | ||
| CRT-ope (days) | ≤ 50/> 51 | 14/7 | 42/31 | 0.452 | ||
| Serum miR-1435 | low/high | 13/8 | 15/58 | < 0.001 | 0.173 (0.060–0.500) | 0.001 |
1The tumor size before CRT was not evaluated by enema examination in two cases.
2The KRAS status in two cases was not evaluated.
3The clinical findings were classified according to the TNM classification (7th edition) of the International Union against Cancer (UICC).
4cT was excluded from the multivariate analysis because there were no patients with cT4 tumors in the responder group and the estimated HR value was indefinite.
5The cut-off for the serum miR-143 level (0.00093) was established by an ROC analysis.