Altered sleep architecture in TPH2−/− pups. Schematic demonstrating state transitions over 20 min of sleep in a TPH2+/+ (top) and a TPH2−/− (bottom) littermate. White bars, wakefulness; black bars, quiet sleep; hatched bars, active sleep. Note that TPH2−/− pups display fewer, but longer, episodes of active sleep. Also shown is the continuous record of respiratory frequency (fB). Note the relatively destabilized respiratory pattern in the TPH2−/− pup in AS compared with TPH2+/+.