Table 2.
Brachial and popliteal artery FMD characteristics
| MICT |
SIT |
CTL |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | 6 Weeks | 12 Weeks | Baseline | 6 Weeks | 12 Weeks | Baseline | 6 Weeks | 12 Weeks | P Value | |
| Brachial artery (n = 24) | ||||||||||
| Resting diameter, mm | 4.07 ± 0.22 | 4.28 ± 0.29 | 4.39 ± 0.33 | 4.13 ± 0.52 | 4.12 ± 0.46 | 4.15 ± 0.52 | 3.75 ± 0.51 | 3.83 ± 0.56 | 3.86 ± 0.42 | 0.14 |
| Peak RH diameter, mm | 4.45 ± 0.29 | 4.70 ± 0.28 | 4.73 ± 0.34 | 4.41 ± 0.53 | 4.44 ± 0.41 | 4.41 ± 0.56 | 4.03 ± 0.51 | 4.07 ± 0.56 | 4.11 ± 0.38 | 0.11 |
| Absolute FMD, mm | 0.38 ± 0.12 | 0.42 ± 015 | 0.34 ± 0.10 | 0.28 ± 0.10 | 0.32 ± 0.09 | 0.26 ± 0.07 | 0.28 ± 0.09 | 0.24 ± 0.07 | 0.25 ± 0.09 | 0.60 |
| Relative FMD, % | 9.3 ± 2.9 | 9.9 ± 3.9 | 7.9 ± 2.5 | 6.9 ± 3.0 | 8.0 ± 2.8 | 6.2 ± 1.3 | 6.3 ± 1.3 | 6.2 ± 1.7 | 6.7 ± 2.5 | 0.54 |
| Resting BF, ml/min | 57 ± 26 | 93 ± 56* | 90 ± 35*† | 48 ± 15 | 53 ± 27 | 51 ± 19 | 46 ± 30 | 49 ± 29 | 40 ± 22 | 0.04 |
| Peak RH BF, ml/min | 422 ± 121 | 419 ± 155 | 489 ± 182 | 364 ± 86 | 456 ± 154 | 442 ± 161 | 369 ± 210 | 365 ± 136 | 353 ± 171 | 0.19 |
| MBV to peak, cm/s | 30 ± 7 | 29 ± 10 | 33 ± 8 | 29 ± 7 | 32 ± 8 | 30 ± 5 | 31 ± 14 | 28 ± 9 | 27 ± 11 | 0.30 |
| SR AUC to peak, ×103 | 30 ± 15 | 28 ± 16 | 31 ± 12 | 27 ± 14 | 27 ± 8 | 28 ± 9 | 29 ± 7 | 29 ± 7 | 27 ± 10 | 0.96 |
| Time to peak, s | 45 ± 10 | 50 ± 9 | 44 ± 11 | 43 ± 7 | 44 ± 11 | 46 ± 11 | 45 ± 7 | 50 ± 10 | 52 ± 9 | 0.50 |
| Popliteal artery (n = 22) | ||||||||||
| Resting diameter, mm | 6.58 ± 0.93 | 6.36 ± 0.65 | 6.51 ± 0.82 | 6.75 ± 1.08 | 6.24 ± 0.95 | 6.37 ± 1.12 | 5.80 ± 0.95 | 5.76 ± 1.13 | 5.86 ± 1.01 | 0.38 |
| Peak RH diameter, mm | 6.82 ± 0.92 | 6.63 ± 0.63 | 6.80 ± 0.85 | 6.99 ± 1.10 | 6.51 ± 1.00 | 6.54 ± 1.07 | 6.14 ± 0.99 | 6.04 ± 1.12 | 6.16 ± 1.03 | 0.27 |
| Absolute FMD, mm | 0.24 ± 0.27 | 0.27 ± 0.25 | 0.30 ± 0.23 | 0.24 ± 0.33 | 0.27 ± 0.25 | 0.17 ± 0.14 | 0.34 ± 0.12 | 0.29 ± 0.13 | 0.29 ± 0.18 | 0.79 |
| Relative FMD, % | 3.8 ± 4.5 | 4.3 ± 4.1 | 4.6 ± 3.9 | 3.8 ± 4.8 | 4.4 ± 4.0 | 2.9 ± 2.7 | 6.0 ± 2.5 | 5.2 ± 2.7 | 5.1 ± 3.6 | 0.84 |
| Resting BF, ml/min | 75 ± 47 | 61 ± 32 | 83 ± 44 | 81 ± 43 | 71 ± 45 | 63 ± 50 | 48 ± 35 | 52 ± 36 | 53 ± 27 | 0.23 |
| Peak RH BF, ml/min | 734 ± 131 | 587 ± 153 | 737 ± 182 | 796 ± 240 | 682 ± 326 | 693 ± 260 | 565 ± 311 | 519 ± 326 | 541 ± 252 | 0.14 |
| MBV to peak, cm/s | 18 ± 6 | 10 ± 5 | 16 ± 6 | 20 ± 10 | 18 ± 11 | 13 ± 6 | 15 ± 5 | 16 ± 5 | 10 ± 4 | 0.19 |
| SR AUC to peak, ×103 | 14 ± 11 | 13 ± 7 | 14 ± 6 | 13 ± 5 | 15 ± 8 | 15 ± 8 | 13 ± 4 | 11 ± 6 | 13 ± 3 | 0.86 |
| Time to peak, s | 60 ± 33 | 107 ± 51 | 88 ± 48 | 64 ± 37 | 87 ± 55 | 98 ± 38 | 77 ± 25 | 64 ± 44 | 102 ± 36 | 0.36 |
Values are means ± SD; n, no. of subjects. RH, reactive hyperemia; FMD, flow-mediated dilation; Resting BF, 30-s average blood flow at rest; Peak RH BF, peak postdeflation blood flow; MBV to peak, average postdeflation mean blood velocity up to peak RH diameter; SR AUC to peak, shear rate area under curve to peak RH diameter; Time to peak, time to peak RH diameter. P values are group × time interaction. Main effect of time for brachial resting diameter (P = 0.03, baseline < 6 and 12 wk) and brachial peak RH diameter (P = 0.03, baseline < 6 and 12 wk) are shown. Main effect of group for absolute FMD (P = 0.01, MICT > SIT and CTL) is shown.
P < 0.001 vs. MICT baseline.
P < 0.01 vs. SIT and CTL at 12 wk.