Table 2.
Source (country) | Health condition | Study design | Study setting | Google Glass (GG) use |
Gillis et al, 2015 (United States) |
Disaster relief | Pilot/feasibility study | Laboratory | Allows for audiovisual communication with each group of paramedics and the administrator; the virtual beacon component is used to eliminate the use for paper triage tags |
Carenzo et al, 2014 (Italy) |
Disaster relief | Pilot/feasibility study | Local – Field hospital | Scans triage tags to provide their information, timestamp, and Global Positioning System (GPS) coordinates and relay the information back to the hospital |
Cicero et al, 2014 (United States) |
Disaster relief | Pilot/feasibility study | Local – Airport | Facilitates communication with telemedicine physician disaster expert who can confirm the triage decision of the intervention team, and determines time of triage for each patient |
Newaz and Eide, 2015 (Norway) |
Disaster relief | Randomized control trial | Local – Neighborhood | Provides navigation and maps to first responders |
Paxton et al, 2015 (United States) |
Behavioral sciences | Randomized control trial | Laboratory | Uses PsyGlass app to facilitate the use of GG in behavioral, cognitive, and social research |
Pappachan et al, 2014 (United States) |
Diagnostics | Pilot/feasibility study | Hospital – Emergency department | Helps community health workers to identify certain disorders based on the patient demographics |
Pascale et al, 2015 (Australia) |
Nursing – Peripheral detection | Pilot/feasibility study | Laboratory | Improves detection in the periphery |
Yuan et al, 2015 (China) |
Neurology | Case study | Hospital – Neurology | Facilitates communication between physicians during a neurological examination |
Chaballout et al, 2016 (United States) |
Student training – health science students | Pilot/feasibility study | Classroom (university) | Presents a simulation in conjunction with real time performance of treatment on a manikin |
Drake-Brockman et al, 2016 (China) |
Anesthesiology | Pilot/feasibility study | Hospital – Anesthesiology | Uses heads-up display to facilitate monitoring patient vitals while performing procedures |
Iversen et al, 2016 (United States) |
Student training – physiotherapy students | Randomized control trial | Classroom (large, private, non-profit research university) | Captures 1st-person view of a procedure and displays it for learning purposes |
Son et al, 2015 (United States) |
Student training – otolaryngology residents | Pilot/feasibility study | Hospital - Otolaryngology | Uses the video capabilities to record resident encounters with patients |
Spaedy et al, 2016 (United States) |
Radiology | Quasi-experimental | Hospital – Radiology | Takes images of and displays X-rays for physician interpretation |
Russel et al, 2014 (United States) |
Student training – medical students (radiology) | Randomized controlled trial | Instructional testing room (University of Kentucky, School of Medicine) | Provides live instruction from an expert via Google Hangout |
Wu et al, 2014 (United States) |
Student training – medical students and radiology residents | Randomized controlled trial | Classroom (University of Arizona College of Medicine – Phoenix) | Facilitates procedures by showing real-time ultrasound images on the heads-up display |
Widmer et al, 2014 (Switzerland) |
Dermatology and Radiology | Exploratory study | Laboratory | Takes and analyzes images to facilitate interpretation and diagnostic decisions by presenting similar images to user |
Stetler et al, 2015 (United States) |
Cardiology | Quasi-experimental | Hospital – Cardiology | Captures images of the electrocardiogram (ECGs) and presents them on heads-up display to facilitate interpretation |
Duong et al, 2015 (United States) |
Cardiology | Exploratory study | Hospital – Cardiology | Records coronary angiograms were recorded to be reviewed on the heads-up display or transferred to a mobile phone |
Jeroudi et al, 2014 (United States) |
Cardiology | Exploratory study | Remote (location varied by physician reviewer) | Displays ECG images for interpretation |
Vallurupalli et al, 2013 (United States) |
Student training – medical students (cardiology) | Case study | Hospital – Cardiology (University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Division of Cardiology) | Facilitates collaboration between cardiology attending and resident in clinical training settings |
Benninger, 2015 (United States) |
Radiology | Pilot/feasibility study | Anatomy laboratory (Medical School) | Displays images captured by an ultrasound finger probe to teach medical students anatomy and simple interventions |
Vaughn et al, 2016 (United States) |
Student training – nursing students | Pilot/feasibility study | Classroom (Nursing School) | Presents a simulation in conjunction with real-time performance of treatment on a manikin |
Zahl et al, 2016 (United States) |
Student training – dental students | Exploratory study | Dental office | Records student SP station for later analysis |
Feng et al, 2015 (United States) |
Diagnostics – Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and cancer | Exploratory study | Laboratory | Takes rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), images prostate specific antigen (PSA) tests, and images previously activated free PSA and total PSA RDTs |
Spencer et al, 2014 (United States) |
Pulmonology – airway assessment for burn victims | Case study | Hospital – Burn unit (Massachusetts General Hospital) | Facilitates assessment and management of the airway |
Tully et al, 2015 (United States) |
Student training – medical students (hospice) | Randomized controlled trial | University of Arizona, College of Medicine: Phoenix and local hospice organization | Records student standardized patient encounters for later analysis |
Albrecht et al, 2014 (Germany) |
Pathology – autopsy and postmortem examinations | Pilot/feasibility study | Hospital – Autopsy laboratory | Takes pictures of body for documentation during examination |
Aldaz et al, 2015 (United States) |
Chronic wounds | Pilot/feasibility study | Hospital – Wound care (Stanford Hospital and Clinics) | Uses SnapCap software to facilitate hands-free digital imaging and the tagging and transfer of images to patient’s electronic medical record in chronic wound care assessments |
Chai et al, 2015 (United States) |
Toxicology | Pilot/feasibility study | Hospital – Emergency department (urban academic hospital) | Sends photographs and videos to the toxicology supervisors; acts as a platform for instruction of 2nd-year medical staff |
Chai et al, 2015 (United States) |
Dermatology | Pilot/feasibility study | Hospital – Emergency department (urban academic hospital) | Allows teledermatolgosists to complete a dermatology assessment via live video feed after in-person consultation by a resident |