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. 2015 Aug 21;4:52–58. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2015.08.012

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© 2015 The Authors

This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Fig. 4 — (A) sGAGs produced per EpiDerm well measured in the media by the Blyscan sulfated glycosaminoglycan assay (left to right: control – open bar, 1 day xanthophyll treatment, 2 day xanthophyll treatment, 3 day xanthophyll treatment). No significant difference between control and treated samples (p=0.336). (B) sGAGs bound to EpiDerm tissue released by papain digest, then measured by the Blyscan sulfated glycosaminoglycan assay (left to right: control, 1 day xanthophyll treatment, 2 day xanthophyll treatment, 3 day xanthophyll treatment). (C) sGAG produced per EpiDerm tissue digest at 24 and 72 h measured by ³⁵S-sulfate labeling. No significant difference was found between control (open bars) and treated samples (filled bars) at 24 or at 72 h (p=0.141, p=0.646). (D) Hyaluronan in EpiDerm tissue media at 24 h measured by an enzyme-linked competitive binding assay (control, open bar; xanthophyll treated, filled bar). A significant increase in hyaluronan production was found as a result of lutein/zeaxanthin treatment (n=3, p=0.0019).