TABLE 1.
Summary of Measures Used for a Pre-/Post-Intervention Pilot Test of an mHealth App for Remote Case Management of Low-Income Patients With Diabetes
| Measure | Domains Assessed | Items (n) | Possible Range of Scores1 | Pre-Intervention Cronbach’s α | Post-Intervention Cronbach’s α |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAHPS | Accessibility of clinic staff | 3–62 | —3 | —3 | —3 |
| Provider knowledge | 2–32 | —3 | —3 | —3 | |
| Prescription drug behavior | 5–72 | —3 | —3 | —3 | |
| Diabetes-specific behaviors and quality of care | 9–122 | —3 | —3 | —3 | |
| Lifestyle behavior change plans | 4 | —3 | —3 | —3 | |
| Overall patient satisfaction | 4 | —3 | —3 | —3 | |
| Self-rated wellness | 6 | 6–27 | 0.852 | 0.807 | |
| PHQ-9 | Depressive symptoms | 9 | 0–27 | 0.784 | 0.931 |
| WHOQOL-BREF | Overall quality of life and general health | 2 | 2–10 | 0.820 | 0.742 |
| Physical health | 7 | 7–35 | 0.911 | 0.886 | |
| Psychological health | 6 | 6–30 | 0.729 | 0.890 | |
| Social relationships | 3 | 3–15 | 0.734 | 0.815 | |
| Environment | 8 | 8–40 | 0.770 | 0.785 | |
| Self-Efficacy for Managing Chronic Disease 6-item scale | Self-efficacy | 6 | 6–60 | 0.857 | 0.935 |
1
For all scales, higher scores indicate a more positive result (e.g., less depression or more social support).
2
Branching logic was used, so not all patients were presented with all questions. For example, only those who answered “yes,” that they had contacted the clinic after business hours in the past 9 months saw the follow-up question about how long it then took to get an answer to their question.
3
Questions in this domain were treated as single items and not as a scale.