Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics of the Cohort Study Population by Prognostic Nutritional Index Tertiles
| Variables | Total (n=1673) | Prognostic Nutrition Index | P Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤39.3 (n=558) | 39.3 to 44.8 (n=557) | >44.8 (n=558) | |||
| Age, y | 75.8±13.2 | 77.5±13.0 | 76.5±12.2 | 73.4±14.0 | <0.001 |
| Men, n (%) | 1140 (68) | 382 (69) | 375 (67) | 383 (69) | 0.882 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24.6±5.0 | 23.8±4.6 | 24.3±5.0 | 26.2±5.2 | <0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 143±33 | 146±35 | 142±32 | 141±31 | 0.071 |
| Heart rate, bpm | 91±24 | 91±24 | 92±24 | 91±23 | 0.794 |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | |||||
| Hypertension | 982 (59) | 323 (58) | 322 (58) | 337 (60) | 0.616 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 619 (37) | 206 (37) | 207 (37) | 206 (37) | 0.996 |
| Coronary artery disease | 496 (30) | 130 (23) | 165 (30) | 201 (36) | <0.001 |
| Stroke | 141 (8) | 54 (10) | 44 (8) | 43 (8) | 0.426 |
| Systolic heart failure | 803 (48) | 256 (46) | 279 (50) | 268 (48) | 0.355 |
| Hematological and biochemical variables | |||||
| White blood cell count, 109/L | 7.6±3.2 | 7.5±3.3 | 7.6±3.4 | 7.7±2.7 | 0.797 |
| Lymphocyte count, 109/L | 1.3±0.7 | 0.9±0.4 | 1.2±0.5 | 1.8±0.9 | <0.001 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 11.8±2.2 | 10.8±2.1 | 11.7±2.1 | 12.8±2.1 | <0.001 |
| Platelet count, 109/L | 204±94 | 195±92 | 199±90 | 217±98 | <0.001 |
| Blood urea nitrogen, mg/dL | 35±21 | 41±24 | 35±22 | 30±17 | <0.001 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.9±1.4 | 2.2±1.7 | 1.9±1.3 | 1.6±1.2 | <0.001 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 49±26 | 45±29 | 49±25 | 54±24 | <0.001 |
| Sodium, mmol/L | 139±5 | 138±5 | 139±5 | 139±4 | 0.005 |
| Potassium, mmol/L | 4.1±0.7 | 4.0±0.7 | 4.1±0.7 | 4.1±0.7 | 0.035 |
| Albumin, g/dL | 3.6±0.5 | 3.0±0.4 | 3.6±0.3 | 4.1±0.4 | <0.001 |
| Cholesterol, mg/dL | 155±43 | 145±43 | 152±41 | 166±42 | <0.001 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 43±15 | 42±16 | 42±14 | 44±15 | 0.137 |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 94±34 | 85±33 | 92±33 | 102±34 | <0.001 |
| Triglyceride, mg/dL | 102±101 | 89±50 | 94±64 | 120±149 | <0.001 |
| Glucose, mg/dL | 170±96 | 172±108 | 165±85 | 170±83 | 0.811 |
| NT‐proBNP,a pg/mL (n=480) | 8.8±1.3 | 9.0±1.2 | 8.7±1.3 | 8.2±1.4 | <0.001 |
| Echocardiography | |||||
| LVEF, % | 50±20 | 50±21 | 50±18 | 50±20 | 0.745 |
| E/A ratio | 1.1±0.7 | 1.2±0.7 | 1.1±0.7 | 1.1±0.8 | 0.500 |
| E/e′ | 18±8 | 19±8 | 18±8 | 17±8 | 0.012 |
| RVSP, mm Hg | 44±17 | 48±17 | 45±16 | 41±16 | <0.001 |
| Prescribed medications, n (%) | |||||
| β‐Blockers | 1055 (63) | 336 (60) | 344 (62) | 375 (67) | 0.040 |
| RAS inhibitors | 1380 (83) | 452 (81) | 460 (83) | 468 (84) | 0.451 |
| Spironolactone | 942 (56) | 293 (53) | 319 (57) | 330 (59) | 0.071 |
| Loop diuretics | 1338 (80) | 445 (80) | 448 (80) | 445 (80) | 0.948 |
RAS inhibitors include angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blockade. BMI indicates body mass index; E/e′, ratio of transmitral flow velocity to mitral annulus motion velocity in early diastole; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; LDL, low‐density lipoprotein; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NT‐proBNP, N‐terminal probrain natriuretic peptide; RAS, renin–angiotensin system; RVSP, right ventricular systolic pressure.
a
NT‐proBNP was taken through natural logarithm transformation.