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. 2017 Nov 3;7:15025. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-14203-4

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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(A) Effect of delta-9-THC on activation relative to placebo in the right amygdala (cross-hairs) while subjects viewed fearful relative to neutral facial stimuli (p = 0.0004, corrected for <1 false-positive cluster; peak focus x = 29, y = 4, z = −13, coordinates in Talairach space). (B) Plot showing the mean magnitude of activation (indexed by the sum of squares ratio, y-axis; error bars show standard error of the mean) in the right amygdala following administration of delta-9-THC and placebo, respectively. (C) Image showing CB1 receptor availability in the amygdala (encircled) assessed using [¹¹C]MePPEP PET [Mean (SD) CB1 V_T in right amygdala: 12.57 (3.27) ml/g; Range: 7.51–17.75 ml/g]. (D) Correlation between the anxiety symptoms induced by delta-9-THC and CB1 V_T in the right amygdala. (E) Direct correlation between the effect of delta-9-THC on the right amygdalar response while subjects viewed fearful faces and CB1 V_T in the right amygdala.