Table 5.

Male offspring gut microbiota at 11 and 17 weeks of age.

	Week	Lean-Control	Obese-HFS	Obese-Control	Obese-OFS	Obese-S	Obese-OFS + S	Time	Txt	Time × Txt
Bacteroides/Prevotella	11	13.1 ± 2.4	7.0 ± 0.7	15.2 ± 2.1	18.8 ± 2.5	17.9 ± 1.9	12.3 ± 2.1	0.001	0.039	0.579
	17	8.5 ± 0.9	8.1 ± 1.2	8.8 ± 1.4	13.3 ± 3.9	12.1 ± 1.4	8.6 ± 1.0
Bifidobacterium	11	2.8 ± 1.5	0.5 ± 0.2	0.7 ± 0.2	1.1 ± 0.3	1.0 ± 0.4	1.9 ± 0.7	0.0001	0.308	0.296
	17	0.8 ± 0.1	0.7 ± 0.1	0.8 ± 0.2	0.7 ± 0.1	0.9 ± 0.1	0.7 ± 0.1
Methanobrevibacter	11	0.02 ± 0.002	0.02 ± 0.004	0.02 ± 0.003	0.02 ± 0.001	0.02 ± 0.003	0.02 ± 0.004	0.001	0.949	0.850
	17	0.08 ± 0.01	0.07 ± 0.01	0.08 ± 0.02	0.07 ± 0.01	0.09 ± 0.01	0.07 ± 0.01
Enterobacteriaceae	11	0.10 ± 0.05	0.06 ± 0.02	0.04 ± 0.01	0.04 ± 0.01	0.08 ± 0.02	0.11 ± 0.03	0.393	0.555	0.391
	17	0.06 ± 0.01	0.26 ± 0.20	0.15 ± 0.04	0.04 ± 0.01	0.08 ± 0.02	0.05 ± 0.02
Lactobacillus	11	16.7 ± 4.3a	6.4 ± 1.7b	7.0 ± 1.6ab	10.0 ± 1.7ab	10.5 ± 2.7ab	10.5 ± 1.9ab	0.001	0.065	0.031
	17	2.3 ± 0.7c	4.3 ± 1.4c	3.5 ± 1.5c	2.1 ± 0.6c	1.6 ± 0.7c	1.9 ± 0.7c
Clostridium coccoides	11	26.5 ± 6.6	15.0 ± 3.3	23.6 ± 4.0	26.1 ± 4.96	14.1 ± 1.6	19.2 ± 2.8	0.257	0.753	0.065
	17	18.8 ± 1.8	25.5 ± 4.0	2.3 ± 3.1	24.4 ± 3.6	26.7 ± 2.7	25.1 ± 3.5
Clostridium leptum	11	5.9 ± 2.5	8.3 ± 2.4	2.1 ± 0.9	2.1 ± 0.4	2.2 ± 0.5	2.1 ± 0.9	0.001	0.403	0.118
	17	10.8 ± 2.0	12.6 ± 2.6	8.5 ± 1.8	16.4 ± 4.7	16.6 ± 2.8	10.1 ± 1.9
Clostridium cluster XI	11	0.12 ± 0.04	0.19 ± 0.03	0.11 ± 0.02	0.13 ± 0.02	0.14 ± 0.02	0.20 ± 0.06	0.291	0.563	0.472
	17	0.30 ± 0.15	0.50 ± 0.06	0.99 ± 0.79	0.10 ± 0.04	0.09 ± 0.03	0.07 ± 0.01
Clostridium cluster I	11	0.66 ± 0.16	1.22 ± 0.22	0.53 ± 0.09	0.68 ± 0.15	0.46 ± 0.07	0.72 ± 0.21	0.016	0.004	0.110
	17	0.57 ± 0.19	0.58 ± 0.08	0.51 ± 0.13	0.34 ± 0.09	0.30 ± 0.04	0.41 ± 0.07
Roseburia	11	4.9 ± 1.2a	2.2 ± 0.8ab	2.5 ± 0.7ab	2.1 ± 0.7ab	1.8 ± 0.7ab	1.2 ± 0.1b	0.001	0.019	0.025
	17	0.08 ± 0.02c	0.03 ± 0.01cd	0.03 ± 0.02cd	0.01 ± 0.003d	0.02 ± 0.005d	0.01 ± 0.002d

Values are mean ± SEM (n = 8–11) expressed as the relative abundance (%) of bacterial taxa per total bacteria (16S rRNA gene copies of microbial group/total bacteria 16S rRNA gene copies). Week 11 represents values just before starting the high fat/sucrose (HFS) diet whereas week 17 represents values after 6 weeks of HFS diet.

Txt, treatment.

When a significant interaction effect was found, significant differences between groups were identified with Tukey’s post hoc tests. Values that do not share a common superscript are significantly different (p < 0.05).