Fig. 4.

Up-regulation of A3s expression in HPV11.HaCaT cells by rhIFN-ω stimulation. qRT-PCR analysis was performed to determine relative APOBEC3s (A3s) expression levels in HPV11.HaCaT cells (a). Cells were treated with rhIFN-ω (10³, 10⁴, 10⁵ U/mL) for 6 h, 12 h and 24 h, followed by amplication of APOBEC3s (A3s) mRNA expression. Data was expressed as means ± SD from three independent experiments and presented as fold increase in A3s mRNA expression relative to untreated cells (normal cells). *p < 0.05 vs untreated HPV11.HaCaT using Student t-test. A3s mRNA expression after rhIFN-ω treatment for 6 h (a), 12 h (b) and 24 h (c). Expression and subcellular distribution of A3A protein in HPV11.HaCaT cells after treatment with rhIFN-ω by immunofluorescence assay (b). HPV11.HaCaT cells were cultured in the presence/absence of rhIFN-ω for 24 h prior to fixation and permeabilization. Cells were stained for APOBEC3A (A3A, green fluorescence) and with DAPI to identify nuclei (blue fluorescence). In the merged panels, white arrows indicated representative cells with increased A3A protein that was allowed to enter in the nuclei (0 U/mL, a; 10³ U/ mL, b; 10⁵ U/ mL, c)