Table 2.
Ordinary least square regression assessing the main and interaction models of race and alcohol abuse in relation to biomarkers of the neuroendocrine system; Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) Biomarker Study (n=1,129)
| Log Cortisol b(SE) |
Log DHEA-S b(SE) |
HPA-axis compositea b(SE) |
Log Epinephrine b(SE) |
Log Norepinephrine b(SE) |
Sympathetic nervous system compositea b(SE) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
||||||
| Model 1. Baseline Modelsb | ||||||
| Alcohol Abuse: | ||||||
| Yes | −0.14 (0.10) | 0.05 (0.09) | −0.00 (0.03) | 0.03 (0.07) | −0.03 (0.05) | −0.01 (0.04) |
| No (reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Race: | ||||||
| African American | −0.40 (0.07)*** | −0.12 (0.06) | −0.04 (0.02) | −0.20 (0.05)*** | −0.17 (0.04)*** | −0.08 (0.03)** |
| White | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Model 2. Including Interaction Termb | ||||||
| Alcohol Abuse | ||||||
| Yes | −0.16 (0.12) | 0.11 (0.08) | −0.04 (.04) | 0.00 (0.08) | −0.09 (0.05) | −0.07 (0.04) |
| No (reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Race: | ||||||
| African American | −0.42 (0.06)*** | −0.10 (0.06) | −.07 (.02)** | −0.23 (0.05)*** | −0.18 (0.04)*** | −0.10 (0.03)*** |
| White (reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Alcohol Use Disorders × Race | ||||||
| African American | −0.04 (0.25) | −0.23 (0.22) | 0.14 (0.08) | 0.21 (0.18) | 0.23 (0.12)* | 0.22 (0.11)* |
| White (reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Model 3. Including Interaction Term + health variablesc | ||||||
| Alcohol Abuse | ||||||
| Yes | −0.14 (0.12) | 0.11 (0.08) | −0.04 (.04) | −0.02 (0.08) | −0.11 (0.05) | −0.08 (0.04) |
| No (reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Race: | ||||||
| African American | −0.43 (0.07)*** | −0.12 (0.06) | −.06 (.02)* | −0.22 (0.05)*** | −0.20 (0.04)*** | −0.11 (0.03)*** |
| White (reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Alcohol Use Disorders × Race | ||||||
| African American | −0.01 (0.24) | −0.21 (0.22) | 0.14 (0.07) | 0.22 (0.16) | 0.26 (0.12)* | 0.23 (0.11)* |
| White (reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
The composite summary score ranges from 0 to 1, which indicates the average # of high-risk indicators (i.e., in the top quartile for each of the variables within that composite score).
Models 1 and Model 2 include the covariates age, sex, education, income, current drinking, smoking, exercise, fast food consumption, medication use (blood pressure, cholesterol, steroid, and anti-depressant medications), anxiety/depressive symptoms, and average sleep duration.
Model 3 is built upon Model 2 + health variables: body mass index, diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, and triglycerides. Unstandardized coefficients and bootstrapped standard errors from 500 iterations using the bias corrected and accelerated (bca) method are from separate linear regression models.
P < .05;
P <.01;
P <.001