Table 1.
Descriptive data for all variables per condition.
| Conditions |
||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Presence of background music |
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| Without background music | With background music | |||||||||||||||
|
Working memory capacity |
||||||||||||||||
| 2 (n = 5) |
3 (n = 16) |
4 (n = 10) |
5 (n = 8) |
2 (n = 6) |
3 (n = 15) |
4 (n = 7) |
5 (n = 14) |
|||||||||
| M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | M | SD | |
| Prior knowledge (%) | 45.00 | 17.28 | 22.92 | 15.67 | 35.00 | 19.95 | 32.29 | 19.64 | 8.33 | 7.45 | 28.33 | 21.32 | 26.19 | 17.63 | 33.93 | 15.49 |
| Recall (%) | 44.00 | 5.48 | 33.13 | 17.01 | 43.00 | 17.67 | 50.00 | 9.26 | 31.37 | 9.83 | 42.67 | 15.34 | 41.43 | 10.69 | 38.57 | 21.07 |
| Comprehension (%) | 70.00 | 14.14 | 48.75 | 22.47 | 57.00 | 24.97 | 72.50 | 14.88 | 33.33 | 13.66 | 58.67 | 24.16 | 55.71 | 27.60 | 65.00 | 19.12 |
| Arousal (Difference after-before)∗ | -0.20 | 0.84 | -0.81 | 1.60 | -0.89 | 0.78 | 0.13 | 0.99 | -0.33 | 1.37 | -0.77 | 1.69 | 0.14 | 1.07 | -0.69 | 2.02 |
| Good-Bad-Mood (Difference after-before)∗ | 0.60 | 4.67 | 0.50 | 5.40 | -1.70 | 5.88 | 1.38 | 3.50 | -1.83 | 4.79 | -0.64 | 6.39 | 1.14 | 5.01 | 1.21 | 6.68 |
| Awake-Tired (Difference after-before)∗ | -0.80 | 1.64 | -0.06 | 3.68 | -1.60 | 2.51 | -0.44 | 3.84 | 1.33 | 3.14 | -0.86 | 4.09 | -0.29 | 2.56 | 0.71 | 4.99 |
| Calm-Nervous (Difference after-before)∗ | -1.00 | 4.64 | 0.75 | 3.57 | -1.00 | 3.37 | -0.38 | 3.84 | 1.17 | 5.04 | -0.69 | 4.33 | 1.43 | 5.65 | 1.00 | 3.37 |
∗ Positive values indicate an increase in this scale, negative values a decrease.