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Th1 cytokines inter-leukin (IL)-2, IL-12, and Interferon (IFN)-γ (A) and Th2 cytokines IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13, and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) (B) mRNA levels in the tissues of the small intestine. Total RNA was purified from the small intestine and cytokine mRNAs were assayed via real-time PCR. N = 3 independent experiments. ∗∗P < 0.05 and ∗∗∗P < 0.01 vs. control group.
