Table 4.
Annual change in outcome measures in subjects with MCI according to disease-stage classification at baseline
| Outcome measures | MCI (N = 873) | Prodromal AD (N = 420) | Prodromal AD stage-1 (N = 216) | Prodromal AD stage-2 (N = 197) | P value difference stage-1 and stage-2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CSF Aβ1–42 (pg/mL) (n = 187) | −1.81 (0.66)∗∗ | −1.66 (0.64)∗ | 0.13 (1.02) | −3.00 (0.82)∗∗ | .13 |
| 18F-AV-45-PET (SUVr) (n = 234) | 0.007 (0.003)∗ | 0.01 (0.005) | 0.014 (0.006)∗ | 0.004 (0.01) | .44 |
| CSF tau (pg/mL) (n = 185) | 3.24 (0.88)∗∗ | 4.11 (1.15)∗∗ | 3.69 (1.27)∗∗ | 4.26 (1.83)* | .89 |
| FDG-PET (SUVr) (n = 388) | −0.02 (0.002)∗∗ | −0.027 (0.003)∗∗ | −0.025 (0.003)∗∗ | −0.029 (0.003)∗∗ | .09 |
| Whole-brain volume (cm3) (n = 731) | −11.46 (0.35)∗∗ | −13.31 (0.49)∗∗ | −11.64 (0.66)∗∗ | −14.69 (0.72)∗∗ | .007 |
| Hippocampal volume (mm3) (n = 804) | −86.22 (2.28)∗∗ | −97.59 (3.78)∗∗ | −86.06 (5.58)∗∗ | −109.8 (5.10)∗∗ | .006 |
| Ventricular volume (cm3) (n = 731) | 4.54 (0.18)∗∗ | 5.60 (0.30)∗∗ | 6.04 (0.51)∗∗ | 5.08 (0.34)∗∗ | .08 |
| CDR sum of boxes (n = 811) | 0.54 (0.02)∗∗ | 0.68 (0.03)∗∗ | 0.52 (0.05)∗∗ | 0.82 (0.05)∗∗ | <.001 |
| MMSE score (n = 823) | −0.73 (0.04)∗∗ | −0.91 (0.06)∗∗ | −0.63 (0.08)∗∗ | −1.16 (0.08)∗∗ | <.001 |
| ADAS-Cog (n = 822) | 1.14 (0.08)∗∗ | 1.53 (0.10)∗∗ | 1.09 (0.14)∗∗ | 1.99 (0.15)∗∗ | <.001 |
| ADCS-PACC (n = 334) | −0.81 (0.05)∗∗ | −1.09 (0.08)∗∗ | −1.10 (0.14)∗∗ | −1.09 (0.10)∗∗ | .89 |
| ADCS-PACC without digit symbol test (n = 782) | −0.46 (0.03)∗∗ | −0.69 (0.05)∗∗ | −0.45 (0.07)∗∗ | −0.94 (0.07)∗∗ | <.001 |
Abbreviations: Aβ1–42, amyloid β 1–42; AD, Alzheimer's disease; ADAS-Cog, Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive; ADCS-PACC, Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study Preclinical Alzheimer Cognitive Composite; CDR, Clinical Dementia Rating scale; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; FDG, fludeoxyglucose; AV-45, florbetapir; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; MMSE, Mini–Mental State Examination; PET, positron emission tomography.
NOTE. N after outcome variable indicates the number of subject from the total sample with at least 1 follow-up measure available. Data are mean (standard error). ∗∗P < .01, ∗P < .05 slope different from 0.