Appendix Table 1.
Distribution of specific gravity-adjusted phthalate and diisononyl cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH) metabolite concentrations (ng/ml) for 12 Ultrasound Gel Exposure Study pilot participants providing 34 urine samples.
| Phthalate Metabolite | Detection Frequency | Sample | Geometric Mean (GSD) | Min | 25th | Median | 75th | Max |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low Molecular Weight | ||||||||
| MMP | 82% | S1 | 2.2 (0.69) | 0.38 | 1.1 | 2.1 | 6.1 | 11.7 |
| S2 | 1.8 (0.60) | 0.46 | 0.69 | 1.3 | 4.9 | 13.8 | ||
| S3 | 3.3 (0.99) | 0.83 | 1.5 | 4.4 | 7.5 | 11.7 | ||
| MEP | 100% | S1 | 25.5 (10.3) | 6.4 | 6.9 | 17.9 | 85.5 | 273 |
| S2 | 24.1 (9.4) | 5.5 | 7.2 | 21.7 | 49.4 | 468 | ||
| S3 | 32.2 (10.8) | 6.7 | 9.3 | 48.1 | 89.1 | 92.4 | ||
| MBP | 85% | S1 | 3.5 (1.1) | 0.58 | 1.9 | 4.2 | 6.3 | 20.5 |
| S2 | 1.8 (0.40) | 0.49 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 3.4 | 5.3 | ||
| S3 | 6.6 (0.80) | 3.5 | 4.7 | 6.5 | 9.4 | 11.3 | ||
| MiBP | 100% | S1 | 3.5 (1.1) | 1.3 | 2.7 | 3.8 | 9.0 | 14.7 |
| S2 | 1.8 (0.40) | 1.0 | 2.2 | 2.7 | 4.7 | 7.0 | ||
| S3 | 6.5 (0.79) | 3.3 | 4.8 | 7.0 | 8.5 | 15.1 | ||
| MHBP | 50% | S1 | 0.57 (0.13) | 0.19 | 0.33 | 0.48 | 1.1 | 1.8 |
| S2 | 0.63 (0.10) | 0.23 | 0.42 | 0.73 | 0.74 | 1.8 | ||
| S3 | 0.59 (0.14) | 0.17 | 0.45 | 0.65 | 1.2 | 1.2 | ||
| MHiBP | 91% | S1 | 2.5(0.55) | 0.43 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 4.6 | 7.3 |
| S2 | 1.8 (0.27) | 0.73 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 2.4 | 5.8 | ||
| S3 | 3.0 (0.54) | 0.95 | 2.4 | 3.1 | 3.6 | 8.5 | ||
| High Molecular Weight | ||||||||
| MCPP | 91% | S1 | 0.84 (0.21) | 0.34 | 0.41 | 0.76 | 1.3 | 4.3 |
| S2 | 0.73 (0.21) | 0.24 | 0.33 | 0.49 | 1.6 | 6.0 | ||
| S3 | 1.5 (0.46) | 0.83 | 0.87 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 17.8 | ||
| MBzP | 79% | S1 | 1.3 (0.68) | 0.21 | 0.45 | 0.81 | 2.9 | 139 |
| S2 | 0.8 (0.20) | 0.26 | 0.45 | 0.52 | 1.8 | 3.9 | ||
| S3 | 2.4 (0.53) | 0.91 | 1.1 | 2.8 | 4.5 | 6.0 | ||
| MEHP | 65% | S1 | 0.90 (0.20) | 0.27 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 1.7 | 2.6 |
| S2 | 0.98 (0.14) | 0.26 | 0.6 | 0.87 | 1.3 | 1.9 | ||
| S3 | 1.8 (0.39) | 0.43 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 2.8 | 4.4 | ||
| MEOHP | 97% | S1 | 2.6 (0.50) | 0.72 | 2.0 | 2.6 | 4.4 | 6.0 |
| S2 | 1.8 (0.36) | 0.43 | 1.1 | 1.8 | 2.6 | 5.9 | ||
| S3 | 5.5 (1.0) | 2.7 | 3.9 | 4.9 | 6.6 | 21.0 | ||
| MNP | 41% | S1 | 0.55 (0.13) | 0.08 | 0.19 | 0.38 | 0.75 | 5.0 |
| S2 | 0.78 (0.20) | 0.08 | 0.27 | 0.52 | 0.87 | 4.7 | ||
| S3 | 1.1 (0.43) | 0.35 | 0.43 | 0.80 | 0.94 | 25.9 | ||
| MEHHP | 97% | S1 | 3.1 (0.68) | 0.72 | 1.8 | 3.3 | 5.1 | 9.6 |
| S2 | 2.2 (0.46) | 0.81 | 1.4 | 2.4 | 4.1 | 6.5 | ||
| S3 | 7.1 (1.41) | 3.4 | 4.6 | 6.1 | 11.3 | 28.5 | ||
| MECPP | 100% | S1 | 4.7 (0.75) | 1.6 | 3.24 | 4.4 | 7.9 | 9.6 |
| S2 | 3.8 (0.67) | 1.8 | 2.5 | 3.2 | 5.9 | 15.6 | ||
| S3 | 9.0 (1.9) | 3.4 | 6.7 | 8.0 | 12.2 | 34.5 | ||
| MCOP | 100% | S1 | 7.6 (1.5) | 3.1 | 4.1 | 7.4 | 13.9 | 25.3 |
| S2 | 6.4 (1.9) | 0.87 | 3.4 | 5.9 | 14.0 | 36.7 | ||
| S3 | 10.7(3.1) | 3.9 | 5.8 | 8.8 | 12.0 | 114 | ||
| MCNP | 100% | S1 | 1.6 (0.25) | 0.87 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 4.6 |
| S2 | 1.4 (0.20) | 0.73 | 0.93 | 1.3 | 2.0 | 3.9 | ||
| S3 | 2.2 (0.50) | 0.76 | 1.2 | 2.1 | 4.6 | 6.5 | ||
| sumDEHP | – | S1 | 1.0 (0.22) | 0.28 | 0.56 | 1.2 | 2.0 | 2.9 |
| S2 | 1.1 (0.15) | 0.53 | 0.81 | 1.0 | 1.6 | 2.6 | ||
| S3 | 2.0 (0.45) | 0.45 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 3.2 | 4.9 | ||
| DINCH | ||||||||
| MHiNCH | 71% | S1 | 0.72 (0.22) | 0.19 | 0.31 | 0.67 | 1.3 | 9.2 |
| S2 | 0.90 (0.31) | 0.15 | 0.43 | 0.85 | 1.1 | 21.3 | ||
| S3 | 0.74 (0.43) | 0.18 | 0.52 | 1.1 | 3.0 | 72.5 | ||
| MCOCH | 26% | S1 | 0.43 (0.08) | 0.10 | 0.26 | 0.34 | 0.52 | 2.4 |
| S2 | 0.76 (0.23) | 0.11 | 0.33 | 0.46 | 1.0 | 7.0 | ||
| S3 | 0.55 (0.24) | 0.09 | 0.24 | 0.36 | 0.65 | 18.0 |
Number of samples: S1 (n=12); S2 (n=12); S3 (n=10).
ABBREVIATIONS: mono-methyl phthalate (MMP); monoethyl phthalate (MEP); mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP); mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP); mono-3-hydroxy-n-butyl phthalate (MHBP); mono-hydroxyisobutyl phthalate (MHiBP); mono(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP); monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP); mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP); mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP); monoisononyl phthalate (MNP); mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP); mono(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP); monocarboxyisooctyl phthalate (MCOP); monocarboxyisononyl phthalate (MCNP); di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP); Diisononyl cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH), cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid-mono(hydroxy-isononyl) ester (MHiNCH); cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid-monocarboxy isooctyl ester (MCOCH).