Table 3.

Multivariable Model Predicting Whether the Patient Was Assessed as Receiving Inappropriate Treatment

Theme	Odds ratio	95% confidence interval	p
Predisposing characteristics domain
Patient's clinical condition is poor	1.03	0.37–2.88	0.948
Patient will not improve	2.01	0.77–5.24	0.155
Lack of advance care planning	0.59	0.18–1.96	0.385
Belief system affecting decision making	1.42	0.13–15.71	0.775
Hope/guilt	1.74	0.27–11.10	0.558
Patient/family believes they “own” the decision	11.43	0.66–196.68	0.093
Interphysician friction	5.07	0.89–28.75	0.067
MD–patient/family communication domain
Physician conveys aggressive treatment is inappropriate	1.47	0.56–3.87	0.44
Statement of goals of treatment	0.29	0.10–0.84	0.022
Physician not guiding decision making	3.76	1.21–11.70	0.022
Intermediate outcome domain
Patient/family disagrees with patient's situation/prognosis	2.62	0.36–18.98	0.339
Patient/family agrees with/recognizes patient condition	1.45	0.18–11.33	0.725
Patient/family disagrees with appropriateness of treatment	0.85	0.33–2.19	0.731
Patient/family agrees with treatment decision	0.66	0.26–1.68	0.381
Decision-making domain
Patient preference is reflected in decision making	0.02	0.00–0.27	0.003
Indecision, stalling, causes of delays in decision making	4.52	1.69–12.04	0.003

Patient/family = patient and/or family.

Bold indicates p value < 0.05.