Tab. 1.
Comparison of anthropometric, biochemical and adipose tissue volume parameters between cases and controls
| Parameter |
Cases (n = 39) |
Controls (n = 28) |
p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years | 38.4 ± 6.6 | 35.0 ± 6.0 | 0.03 |
| Females | 21 (54%) | 18 (64%) | 0.45 |
| Family history of diabetes | 19(49%) | 4(14%) | 0.003 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.5 ± 4.1 | 27.4 ± 3.1 | 0.03 |
| Waist to hip ratio | 0.99 ± 0.07 | 0.93 ± 0.07 | 0.006 |
| Waist to height ratio | 0.65 ± 0.07 | 0.61 ± 0.05 | 0.003 |
| Fat mass (kg) by bioelectric impedance | 24.2 ± 8.05 | 18.7 ± 7.9 | 0.008 |
| Alanine aminotransferase (IU/L) | 50.6 ± 27.5 | 23.3 ± 9.47 | <0.001 |
| Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL) | 101.6 ± 13.4*** | 93.7 ± 9.51*** | 0.02* |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 193 ± 33.8*** | 169.6 ± 26*** | 0.01* |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 171.3 ± 71.2*** | 137.9 ± 44.5*** | 0.05* |
| Mean arterial pressure (mm Hg) | 97.2 ± 6.9*** | 90.9 ± 10.6*** | 0.04* |
| hsCRP (mg/L) Median (min- max) | 3.44 (0.05–10) n = 34 | 2.05 (0.3–10) n = 19 | 0.05** |
| HOMA-IR Mean ± SD (fasting insulin* fasting plasma glucose/22.5) | 3.24 ± 2.2 n = 34 | 2.09 ± 1.1 n = 19 | 0.02 |
| SSAT volume (mm3) | 69.4 ± 5.0*** | 58.6 ± 3.7*** | 0.11* |
| DSAT volume (mm3) | 83.3 ± 3.79*** | 64.6 ± 5.1*** | 0.007* |
| SSAT/DSAT (ratio) | 0.71 ± 0.04*** | 1.12 ± 0.05*** | <0.001* |
| VAT volume (mm3) | 85.9 ± 4.5*** | 51.9 ± 6.1*** | <0.001* |
*
p value adjusted for BMI and age.
**
p value by median test.
***
Mean ± SE.
HOMA-IR= Homeostatic Model Assessment- Insulin Resistance. SSAT= superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue. DSAT= deep subcutaneous adipose tissue. VAT= visceral adipose tissue.