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. 2017 Apr 30;9(6):1548. doi: 10.4022/jafib.1548

Table 3. List of articles that ablated on dominant frequency sites.

AF = Atrial Fibrillation; CFAE = Complex Fractionated Atrial Electrograms; CPVI = Circumferential Pulmonary Vein Isolation; CS = Coronary Sinus; DF = Dominant Frequency; HFSA = High-Frequency Source Ablation; LA = Left Atrium; PVAI = Pulmonary Vein Antral Isolation; PV-PLAW = Pulmonary Veins-Posterior Left Atrial Wall; PVI = Pulmonary Vein Isolation; RA = Right Atrium; RI = Regularity Index. (*Prospective study, **Prospective and Retrospective study, § Randomized Controlled Trial)

Author and year DF definition Type of Population Ablation Clinical Correlation Areas assessed Follow-up
*Atienza et al 2009 DFmax ≥20% of its surroundings Paroxysmal (32) and Persistent (18) AF. DFmax + CPVI Independent predictors of freedom of AF were ablation of DFmax sites and paroxysmal AF. PV-PLAW, LA, CS, RA 9.3 ± 5.4 months
§Atienza et al 2014 DFmax ≥20% of its surroundings Paroxysmal (115) and Persistent (117) AF CPVI only HFSA only CPVI + HFSA Freedom was seen in 79% of CPVI and 81% of HFSA in paroxysmal AF, and in 65% of CPVI and 69% of CPVI + HFSA in persistent AF patients at 1 year. LA, CS, RA 12 months
*Kumagai et al 2013 DF ≥ 8Hz with RI >0.2 Paroxysmal (23) AF, Persistent (9) AF and Longstanding Persistent (18) AF. PVI PVI + DF PVI + DF + CFAE AF terminated by ablation at high-DF sites (9.9 ± 0.7 Hz) in 11 of 18 patients. LA, RA, CS 12 months
**Verma et al 2011 Group I: DF ≥ 8Hz with RI >0.2 Group II: DF higher than the mean atrial DF with RI >0.2 Persistent (80) AF CFAE-based DF + PVAI Control PVAI After 1 year, DF + PVAI resulted in freedom in 17/30 patients (57%) off antiarrhythmic therapy after 1 procedure. LA 12 ± 2 months