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Mechanisms underlying sensitization. Luminal factors and mediators released in response to ischemia, injury, and inflammation act on the sensory endings to drive sensitization. These peripheral mechanisms are reinforced by central mechanisms in the spinal cord and CNS. ATP, adenosine triphosphate; LIF, leukemia inhibitory factor; NGF, nerve growth factor; PGE, prostaglandin E; TNF, tumor necrosis factor. Modified from Grundy and Brookes2 with permission from Morgan and Claypool.
