Table 1.
Demographic and basic head motion parameters of recruited subjects.
| Normal controls | PD-TD | PD-AR | p-values | PD | p-values | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No.(male/female) | 52 (29/23) | 57(33/24) | 49 (23/26) | 0.498 | 106 (56/50) | 0.728 |
| Age, y, mean ± SD | 57.6 ± 10.8 | 58.7 ± 10.2 | 56.0 ± 9.9 | 0.886 | 57.5 ± 10.1 | 0.943 |
| Transformation, mm | 0.06 ± 0.04 | 0.05 ± 0.02 | 0.06 ± 0.04 | 0.163a | 0.05 ± 0.03 | 0.063a |
| Rotation, degree (10-4) | 6.3 ± 2.7 | 6.7 ± 3.5 | 7.1 ± 3.1 | 0.499 | 6.9 ± 3.6 | 0.311 |
| Disease duration, years, mean ± SD | – | 4.8 ± 4.2 | 4.4 ± 4.0 | 0.804a | – | – |
| Hoehn-Yahr, mean ± SD | – | 2.2 ± 0.6 | 2.3 ± 0.7 | 0.606a | – | – |
| UPDRS III scores, mean ± SD | – | 29.0 ± 17.3 | 28.8 ± 14.8 | 0.983 | – | – |
| Subtype ratio, mean ± SD | – | 2.2 ± 1.3 | 0.33 ± 0.3 | <0.001 | – | – |
| Tremor scores, mean ± SD | – | 8.3 ± 4.6 | 2.1 ± 2.1 | <0.001a | – | – |
| Akinetic/rigid scores, mean ± SD | – | 17.0 ± 11.4 | 21.4 ± 10.4 | 0.041 | – | – |
| MMSE scores, mean ± SD | – | 27.5 ± 2.3 | 27.6 ± 2.2 | 0.784 | – | – |
aKruskal–Wallis test or Mann–Whitey U-test. Bold: Significant difference.