Table 2.
Details of microRNAs that were selected for validation.
| miRNA | Expression ratio (anti-dsDNA/IgG) | Findings from previous reports | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| miR-10b | 0.45 | - Upregulated in breast cancer and promote cell metastasis | 64 |
| miR-10a | 0.52 | - Downregulated in kidney biopsy from ischemic-reperfusion and STZ-induced renal injury mouse model - Upregulated in CD19+ cells from asymptomatic SLE patients compared with healthy controls | 39,65 |
| miR-125b-1a | 0.53 | - Anti-apoptotic miRNA in acute myeloid leukaemia | 66 |
| let-7aa | 0.68 | - Upregulated in mouse mesangial cells enhancing IL6 expression - Regulated TNFAIP3-NF-kB signalling which involved in LN pathogenesis | 50,67,68 |
| miR-30a | 0.79 | - Downregulated in B-cells isolated from SLE patients promoted B-cell hyperactivity - Upregulated in LN renal biopsy | 69,70 |
| miR-125a | 0.79 | - Downregulated in T-lymphocytes from SLE patients regulating RANTES levels - Regulate macrophages differentiation and inflammatory cytokine production through NF-kB | 71,72 |
| miR-146a | 1.26 | - Downregulated in THP-1 cells and WBC from SLE patients by IFN type I stimulation - Upregulated in kidney biopsy from LN patients especially in the glomerular part - Downregulated in serum from SLE patients but up-regulated in urine from SLE patients | 73–75 |
| miR-411 | 1.55 | - Upregulated in lung cancer cells promoting cell proliferation by target FOXO genes - Upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma enhanced cell proliferation by target ITCG genes | 76,77 |
| miR-127 | 1.62 | - Upregulated in purified splenocytes from MRL/lpr, B6-lpr and NZB/W F1 lupus nephritis mice | 78 |
| miR-181a | 1.62 | - Upregulated in serum from SLE patients - Upregulated in human hepatocyte cell line in response to TGF-beta inducing EMT | 79,80 |
| miR-143 | 1.64 | - Upregulated in CD4 + T-lymphocytes in asymptomatic SLE patients compared to healthy controls | 65 |
| miR-654 | 2.14 | - Upregulated in the EBV-transformed B cell line from European American SLE patients - Downregulated in LN renal biopsy | 17,81 |
LN, lupus nephritis; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; STZ, streptozotocin; IFN, interferon; EMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transition; TGF, transforming growth factor.
aThere is an inconsistent prediction between two algorithm miRDeep2 and sRNAbench.