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. 2017 Nov 6;7:14531. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-15008-1

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Growth characteristics of evolved strains. The final populations in the evolution experiment (the lineages with or without UV exposure on day 28) were compared with their ancestral strains. The bars for Anc were replotted from Fig. 1b for reference. The mean values were calculated for six lineages of each evolved strain. The error bars represent standard deviations. The maximum growth rates significantly increased compared to the ancestors after the evolution experiments (t-test, p < 0.05) except for the lineages of Co without UV exposure during the evolution experiments.