COMMD10 inhibits the proliferation and invasion of CRC cells by inactivating NF-κB pathway. (A) Effects of COMMD10, TNF-α stimulation and the combinations of COMMD10 and TNF-α stimulation on the luciferase activity of NF-κB in SW480 and SW620 cells by luciferase reporter assay. (B) Effects of COMMD10 knockdown and co-transfection of shCOMMD10 and IκBα-mut on the luciferase activity of NF-κB in SW480 and HT29 cells by luciferase reporter assay. Error bars represent mean±s.d. from three independent experiments. **P<0.001; *P<0.05. (C) Western blot analyses of the levels of p-IKKα/β, p-IκBα and total IKKα/β, IκBα, as well as p65 in total, in the nucleus or cytoplasm in SW480 cells treated with TNF-α or the combination of TNF-α and COMMD10. (D) Western blot analyses of the levels of p-IKKα/β, p-IκBα and total IKKα/β, IκBα, as well as p65 in total, in the nucleus or cytoplasm in SW480 cells treated with shCOMMD10 or co-transfection of shCOMMD10 and IκBα-mut. (E) Effects of shCOMMD10 and co-transfection of shCOMMD10 and IκBα-mut on cell proliferation by CCK8 assay. (F) Effects of shCOMMD10 and co-transfection of shCOMMD10 and IκBα-mut on cell invasion by Boyden chamber assay. The level of COMMD10 downregulation was measured by western blot. Error bars represented mean±s.d. from three independent experiments. Scale bars represented 50 μm. *P<0.01. A full colour version of this figure is available at the British Journal of Cancer journal online.