Figure 2. . Examples of the omega-3 and omega-6 metabolome and their receptors.
The cyclo-oxygenase metabolizes arachidonic acid (AA) into thromboxane (TX) A2 and prostaglandin I2 (PGI2, prostacyclin) and eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) into TXA3 and PGI3. Whereas TXA3 inhibits the effects of TXA2 on the thromboxane prostanoid (TP) receptor, PGI3 and PGI2 exhibit similar binding to the I prostanoid (IP) receptor. Similarly, 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO)-derived leukotriene (LT) B4 from AA and LTB4 from EPA exhibit opposing effects on the BLT receptor. Shown in the figure are also examples of specialized proresolving mediators, EPA-derived resolving (Rv) E1 and its receptor ChemR23 as well as DHA-derived RvD1 and its two receptors ALX/FPR2 and GPR32. Finally, the DHA receptor GPR120 is depicted.