Table 1.

Plant-derived natural products approved for cancer treatment.

Class	Isolated from	Mechanism of action	References
Vinca alkaloids (vinblastine, vincristine, vinorelbine, vinflunine)	Catharanthus roseus or Vinca rosea	Disruption of formation of the mitotic spindle; tubulin inhibitors; deregulation of actin cytoskeletons; microtubule destabilization and depolymerization; cell death via apoptosis.	[23, 24]
Epipodophyllotoxins (etoposide, teniposide, etoposide phosphate)	Podophyllum peltatum L.	Cell cycle arrest; DNA strand damage; cell death via apoptosis.	[25, 26]
Taxanes (paclitaxel, paclitaxel albumin-stabilized nanoparticle formulation, docetaxel, cabizitaxel)	Taxus brevifolia L.	Mitotic inhibitors; microtubule disruptors; apoptosis is induced through stabilization of microtubules.	[27]
Camptothecins (irinotecan and topotecan)	Camptotheca acuminata	Inhibition of the nuclear protein topoisomerase I.	[28]