Table 4.

Regression coefficients and model summaries of the six steps multiple hierarchical regression analysis including BRFL-12 (dependent variable: DSI-SS)

model	independent variable	β	95%-CI	p-value	R 2	ΔR 2
1	age	−.013	−.039–.013	.331	.087	.074
	group	−1.260	−1.895 - -.625	< .001
	gender	.390	−.233–1.013	.219
2	age	−.015	−.041–.010	.240	.124	.106
	group	−.189	−1.145 - .767	.697
	gender	.637	.003–1.272	.049
	PHQ-9	.090	.029–.151	.004
3	age	−.009	−.033–.015	.465	.249	.230
	group	−.313	−1.201 - .576	.489
	gender	.469	−.122–1.061	.119
	PHQ-9	.063	.006–.120	.031
	BRFL-12	−.082	−.110 - -.054	< .001
4	age	−.009	−.032–.015	.473	.271	.250
	group	−.476	−1.363 - .411	.291
	gender	.491	−.093–1.075	.099
	PHQ-9	.053	−.004–.111	.066
	BRFL-12	−.070	−.099 - -.041	< .001
	PHQ-9 x BRFL-12	−.005	−.008 - -.001	.014

95%-CI = 95% confidence interval; ΔR ² = corrected R ²; PHQ-9 Patient Health Questionnaire (excluding item 9), BRFL-12 Brief Reasons for Living inventory