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. 2017 Oct 30;7:255. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00255

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Copyright © 2017 Gabra and Salmena.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to dysregulate drug efflux mechanisms in both leukemia and other cancer. There are no known miRNA regulators of the drug influx proteins. In leukemia, P-glycoprotein has been demonstrably targeted by miR-27a and miR-331. In other cancers, P-glycoprotein has been shown to be regulated by miR-145, miR-298, miR-451, miR-508-5p, and miR-9. MRP1 has been targeted by miR-1291, miR-873, miR-221, miR-223, and miR-326, while MRP2 has been shown to be targeted my miR-379. The last protein to exhibit miRNA binding in lab setting is BCRP which has been shown to be a target of miR-328 and miR-519c.