Table 1.

Promotive motivation theory scale for adolescent smoking

Threat appraisal
Perceived Threat	Severity
	1 The earlier a person starts smoking, the greater the harm
	2 More smokers get sickness than nonsmokers
	3 Smokers died earlier than nonsmokers
	Vulnerability
	4 I would become addicted if I smoke
	5 I would get sick if I smoke
	6 If I smoke, I may die earlier
Perceived Rewards	Extrinsic Rewards
	7 Smokers look cool and fashionable
	8 Smoking is good for social networking
	9 The life of a smoker is happier than a nonsmoker
	Intrinsic Rewards
	10 Smoking makes people feel comfortable
	11 Smoking helps people concentrate
	12 Smoking enhances brainwork
Copping appraisal
Perceived Efficacy	Response Efficacy
	13 People will feel good by not smoking
	14 People will be less likely to get disease if they do not smoke
	15 Quitting smoking is good for disease recovery
	Self-Efficacy
	16 No one could persuade me if I do not want to smoke
	17 Even if all who are around me smoke, that does not mean I must smoke
	18 I can refuse even if a relative or friend asks me to smoke
Perceived Cost	Response Cost
	19 A person may be isolated if he or she does not smoke
	20 Refusing a cigarette offer is very impolite
	21 One will miss the enjoyment if he or she does not smoke