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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017 Jul;140(1):1–12. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.05.010

Figure 2. Potential Interventions Reducing Risk of Allergic Disease Development.

Figure 2

A) Certain modifications can positively influence an individual's microbiome or select for a protective external microbial environment. B) Reducing the quantity of allergen exposure may reduce development of allergic disease. C) Although the highest pollutant exposures occur from exposure to environmental tobacco smoke, mitigating industrial and traffic related air pollution will have to come from national and local regulatory agencies throughout the world. The center of the figure highlights the questions that have yet to be elucidated. Could these interventions impact the incidence of allergic disease, and if so, which are the most pragmatic, cost-effective, and have the highest potential impact in different societies?