Table 3.
SF-8 Physical Health Results by Key Study Variables (N=4,427-4,183)
| Study Variable* | Not Poor Health (N) Percent |
Poor Health (N) Percent |
Poor Health: Bivariate OR (95% CI) |
Poor Health: Multivariate** OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | ||||
| Female | (1390) 73.7 | (495) 26.3 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Male | (1949) 76.7 | (593) 23.3 | 0.85 (0.74–0.98)† | 0.81 (0.68–0.97)† |
|
| ||||
| Age | ||||
| 20–44 | (390) 82.8 | (81) 17.2 | 0.63 (0.47–0.85)‡ | 1.01 (0.67–1.54) |
| 45–54 | (755) 74.8 | (255) 25.2 | 1.02 (0.81–1.29) | 2.09 (1.53–2.85)¶ |
| 55–64 | (1719) 74.3 | (596) 25.7 | 1.05 (0.86–1.29) | 2.12 (1.61–2.79)¶ |
| 65+ | (473) 75.2 | (156) 24.8 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
|
| ||||
| Race | ||||
| White | (2375) 75.0 | (791) 25.0 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Black | (661) 75.0 | (220) 25.0 | 0.99 (0.84–1.19) | 0.61 (0.49–0.83)‡ |
| Asian/PI | (176) 85.0 | (31) 15.0 | 0.53 (0.36–0.78)‡ | 0.56 (0.33–0.93)† |
| Other/Unknown | (127) 73.4 | (46) 26.6 | 1.09 (0.77–1.54) | 0.95 (0.63–1.45) |
|
| ||||
| Hispanic | ||||
| No | (3190) 75.5 | (1033) 24.5 | 1.00 | -- |
| Yes | (149) 73.0 | (55) 27.0 | 1.14 (0.83–1.57) | -- |
|
| ||||
| Born in USA | ||||
| No | (248) 80.0 | (62) 20.0 | 1.00 | -- |
| Yes | (3091) 75.1 | (1026) 24.9 | 1.33 (0.99–1.77) | -- |
|
| ||||
| Married | ||||
| No | (1576) 72.5 | (598) 27.5 | 1.00 | -- |
| Yes | (1763) 78.3 | (490) 21.7 | 0.73 (0.64–0.84)¶ | -- |
|
| ||||
| Income | ||||
| Less than $30K | (558) 70.4 | (235) 29.6 | 1.80 (1.47–2.20)¶ | 1.32 (1.01–1.74)† |
| $30–49K | (1545) 73.2 | (567) 26.8 | 1.57 (1.34–1.85)¶ | 1.27 (1.04–1.57)† |
| $50K or more | (1189) 81.0 | (278) 19.0 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
|
| ||||
| Education | ||||
| Less than HS | (304) 64.7 | (166) 35.3 | 2.27 (1.77–2.91)¶ | 1.54 (1.13–2.08)‡ |
| HS/GED | (858) 74.2 | (298) 25.8 | 1.44 (1.17–1.78)‡ | 1.17 (0.91–1.50) |
| Some College | (1142) 77.7 | (327) 22.3 | 1.19 (0.97–1.46) | 1.02 (0.80–1.29) |
| College Grad or higher | (743) 80.6 | (179) 19.4 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
|
| ||||
| Employment | ||||
| Full-time/part-time/occasionally | (1858) 89.5 | (218) 10.5 | 0.20 (0.17–0.24)¶ | 0.25 (0.20–0.31)¶ |
| Unemployed/retired/disabled | (1367) 63.2 | (797) 36.8 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
|
| ||||
| Health Insurance | ||||
| Private | (2239) 82.2 | (484) 17.8 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Medicaid | (282) 65.1 | (151) 34.9 | 2.48 (1.99–3.09¶ | 1.56 (1.15–2.09)‡ |
| Medicare | (699) 63.7 | (398) 36.3 | 2.63 (2.25–3.08¶ | 1.48 (1.17–1.86)‡ |
| None reported | (119) 68.4 | (55) 31.6 | 2.14 (1.53–2.99)¶ | 1.72 (1.13–2.62)† |
|
| ||||
| History of IDU | ||||
| No | (1549) 72.2 | (596) 27.8 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | (1790) 78.4 | (492) 21.6 | 0.71 (0.62–0.82)¶ | 0.63 (0.51–0.76)¶ |
|
| ||||
| Ever Alcohol treatment | ||||
| No | (2308) 75.5 | (748) 24.5 | 1.00 | -- |
| Yes | (1031) 75.2 | (340) 24.8 | 1.02 (0.88–1.18) | -- |
|
| ||||
| Ever Drug treatment | ||||
| No | (2266) 75.5 | (736) 24.5 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | (1073) 75.3 | (352) 24.7 | 1.01 (0.87–1.17) | 1.20 (0.97–1.48) |
|
| ||||
| Current Smoker | ||||
| No | (2268) 77.2 | (670) 22.8 | 1.00 | -- |
| Yes | (1071) 71.9 | (418) 28.1 | 1.32 (1.15–1.52)¶ | -- |
|
| ||||
| Current Alcohol Abuse/Depend. | ||||
| No | (2718) 75.1 | (901) 24.9 | 1.00 | -- |
| Yes | (607) 77.1 | (180) 22.9 | 0.90 (0.75–1.07) | -- |
|
| ||||
| Life Stressors - past year | ||||
| Low | (2013) 79.0 | (534) 21.0 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Moderate | (903) 74.1 | (316) 25.9 | 1.32 (1.12–1.55)‡ | 1.22 (1.00–1.48)† |
| High | (423) 64.0 | (238) 36.0 | 2.12 (1.76–2.55)¶ | 1.64 (1.30–2.08)¶ |
|
| ||||
| Social Support - past year | ||||
| Low | (684) 68.5 | (315) 31.5 | 1.85 (1.55–2.22)¶ | 1.40 (1.12–1.75)‡ |
| Moderate | (1150) 74.6 | (391) 25.4 | 1.37 (1.16–1.62)¶ | 1.26 (1.03–1.54)† |
| High | (1316) 80.1 | (327) 19.9 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
|
| ||||
| HCV Treatment Naive | ||||
| No | (1611) 76.4 | (498) 23.6 | 1.00 | -- |
| Yes | (1728) 74.5 | (590) 25.5 | 1.11 (0.96–1.27) | -- |
|
| ||||
| Currently on HCV meds past 4 wks | ||||
| No | (3195) 75.7 | (1024) 24.3 | 1.00 | -- |
| Yes | (144) 69.2 | (64) 30.8 | 1.39 (1.02–1.88)† | -- |
|
| ||||
| Stopped HCV meds - past 12 mos. | ||||
| No | (2856) 75.8 | (912) 24.2 | 1.00 | -- |
| Yes | (483) 73.3 | (176) 26.7 | 1.14 (0.95–1.38) | -- |
|
| ||||
| Ever Visited Hepatologist | ||||
| No | (545) 70.4 | (229) 29.6 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | (2794) 76.5 | (859) 23.5 | 0.73 (0.62–0.87)¶ | 0.82 (0.66–1.02) |
|
| ||||
| Ever Liver Transplant | ||||
| No | (3158) 75.9 | (1001) 24.1 | 1.00 | -- |
| Yes | (181) 67.5 | (87) 32.5 | 1.52 (1.16–1.98)‡ | -- |
|
| ||||
| Charlson Score | ||||
| No Disease Score | (2005) 81.8 | (445) 18.2 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Low Score | (682) 71.6 | (270) 28.4 | 1.78 (1.50–2.12)¶ | 1.64 (1.32–2.03)¶ |
| Moderate Score | (269) 70.1 | (115) 29.9 | 1.93 (1.51–2.45)¶ | 1.65 (1.23–2.22)‡ |
| High Score | (383) 59.8 | (258) 40.2 | 3.04 (2.51–3.66)¶ | 2.12 (1.67–2.74)¶ |
|
| ||||
| Decompensated or ESLD | ||||
| No | (3174) 75.9 | (1007) 24.1 | 1.00 | -- |
| Yes | (165) 67.1 | (81) 32.9 | 1.55 (1.18–2.04)‡ | -- |
|
| ||||
| Ever used Ribavirin | ||||
| No | (1849) 74.0 | (649) 26.0 | 1.00 | -- |
| Yes | (1490) 77.2 | (439) 22.8 | 0.84 (0.73–0.97)† | -- |
|
| ||||
| Ever used Pegylated interferon-alfa | ||||
| No | (1971) 73.7 | (705) 26.3 | 1.00 | -- |
| Yes | (1368) (78.1) | (383) 21.9 | 0.78 (0.68–0.90)‡ | -- |
|
| ||||
| Sustained 12 week Viral Response | ||||
| No | (2812) 74.5 | (964) 25.5 | 1.00 | -- |
| Yes | (527) 81.0 | (124) 19.0 | 0.69 (0.56–0.85)¶ | -- |
*
IDU = injection drug use; HCV = hepatitis C virus; SVR = sustained virologic response; ESLD = end stage liver disease; SF-8 = Short From-8; Current alcohol abuse/dependence based on the AUDIT-C Scale; Low SF-8 Physical Health Score defined as the lowest quartile range.
**
In multivariate analyses, forward stepwise regression used, with p < 0.10 for inclusion, p < 0.10 exclusion, with only variables p < 0.20 included from bivariate analyses. Study site (KPNW, KPHI, HFHS, GHS) was forced entered at first step for multivariate analyses, otherwise only the variables shown in the multivariate column were included in the final model.
†
p < 0.05;
‡
p < 0.01;
¶
p < 0.001.