Table 1. Clinical characteristics, plasma substrate levels, HOMA-IR index and estimated metabolic glucose utilization using FDG PET of wild type and db/db animal models.
| Mice group (n) | Weight (g) | TG (nmol/μl) | FFA (nmol/μl) | HOMA-IR | MRGlu (umol/min/100g) | Isolated Heart | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glucose (mg/dl) | Insulin (μg/l) | Index | Max | Mean | LVW (g) (n=4/group) | HW (g) (n=4/group) | HW/BW (% (n=4/group) | ||||
| W8 | |||||||||||
| wild-type (4) | 19.99 ± 2.59 | 0.57 ± 0.15 | 0.36 ± 0.07 | 98.50 ± 16.62 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 0.45 ± 0.01 | 14.15 ± 5.76 | 2.43 ± 1.41 | |||
| db/db (7) | 36.17 ± 1.84* | 0.69 ± 0.23 | 4.27 ± 2.14* | 318.25 ± 54.84* | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 1.89 ± 0.07* | 79.64 ± 27.10* | 35.95 ± 19.70* | |||
| W10 | |||||||||||
| wild-type (6) | 20.85 ± 2.84 | 0.54 ± 1.68 | 0.38 ± 0.04 | 120.33 ± 19.33 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 0.54 ± 0.02 | 24.00 ± 7.32 | 7.25 ± 3.71 | |||
| db/db (4) | 40.25 ± 1.17*† | 0.79 ± 0.10 | 2.31 ± 2.47* | 354.75 ± 50.10* | 0.11 ± 0.01 | 2.84 ± 0.03* | 87.24 ± 25.61* | 45.12 ± 31.40* | |||
| W12 | |||||||||||
| wild-type (4) | 23.26 ± 2.42 | 1.20 ± 0.31 | 0.44 ± 0.01 | 112.00 ± 38.20 | 0.09 ± 0.04 | 0.72 ± 0.11 | 11.03 ± 6.21 | 0.88 ± 0.43 | |||
| db/db (5) | 43.48 ± 2.47*† | 2.10 ± 0.25 | 1.47 ± 0.51* | 372.12 ± 49.25* | 0.11 ± 0.02 | 2.97 ± 0.08*† | 77.69 ± 34.88* | 19.28 ± 15.96* | |||
| W14 | |||||||||||
| wild-type (7) | 22.86 ± 2.36 | 0.81 ± 0.34 | 0.46 ± 0.10 | 104.12 ± 20.53 | 0.05 ± 0.01 | 0.44 ± 0.02 | 12.27 ± 6.83 | 3.66 ± 1.85 | |||
| db/db (5) | 45.38 ± 2.76*† | 0.61 ± 0.23 | 2.78 ± 3.05* | 414.25 ± 49.10*† | 0.08 ± 0.02 | 2.29 ± 0.06*† | 165.80 ± 87.93*† | 76.66 ± 65.46*† | |||
| W16 | |||||||||||
| wild-type (7) | 23.09 ± 2.23 | 0.80 ± 0.28 | 0.46 ± 0.05 | 93.50 ± 14.00 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 0.43 ± 0.01 | 16.58 ± 5.81 | 3.63 ± 3.60 | 0.08 ± 0.04 | 0.11 ± 0.05 | 0.48 ± 0.16‡ |
| db/db (7) | 47.03 ± 4.03*† | 0.55 ± 0.20 | 1.15 ± 0.42* | 469.75 ± 76.86*† | 0.07 ± 0.01 | 2.35 ±0.06*† | 129.13 ± 48.49*† | 71.90 ± 40.37*† | 0.08 ± 0.03 | 0.12 ± 0.03 | 0.26 ± 0.06 |
TG, triglyceride. FFA, free fatty acid. HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance. MRGlu, rate of myocardial glucose uptake. LVW, left ventricular weight. HW, heart weight. BW, body weight.
*Significantly higher than wild-type group. †Significantly higher than baseline W8 values. ‡Significantly higher than db/db group. P<0.05 was considered significant.