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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Nov 7.
Published in final edited form as: Lab Chip. 2017 Nov 7;17(22):3772–3784. doi: 10.1039/c7lc00722a

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Detection of biomolecules in normal physiological conditions by coupled NFC-ICP. (a–c) Detection of HIV antigen gp120 using an antibody-functionalized 200 nm NFC in 1×PBS. MTB ESAT6 antigen was used as a positive control. The fluorescence-based assays were conducted following exactly the same protocol as the electrical resistance-based assay, except that the target biomolecules were labeled by AF 488 for fluorescence imaging. The processing of the fluorescence images was described in Materials and Methods. (d–f) Detection of MTB DNA fragment using a complementary-DNA functionalized NFC in 1×PBS. Non-target DNA was used as a positive control. (g–i) Detection of human thrombin using an aptamer-functionalized 200 nm NFC in 1×PBS. BSA was used as a positive control. (j) Detection of gp120 in human serum. (k) Detection of MTB DNA in human serum and urine. In all the experiments, 10 μL sample was first loaded into reservoir A, then wetted the channels by manual injection with a syringe. After that, the other three reservoirs were loaded with 10 μL 1×PBS. The sample was not continuously injected during the incubation.