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Expressions for direct, indirect and average causal effects
| E[NDE(0)]: | E[T(1, S(0)) − T(0, S(0))] = β1 + α0β4 |
| E[NDE(1)]: | E[T(1, S(1)) − T(0, S(1))] = β1 + β4(α0 + α1) |
| E[NIE(0)]: | E[T(0, S(1)) − T(0, S(0))] = α1β2 |
| E[NIE(1)]: | E[T(1, S(1)) − T(1, S(0))] = α1(β2 + β4) |
| E[TE]: | E[T(1, S(1)) − T(0, S(0))] = β1 + β2α1 + β4(α0 + α1) |
