FIG 2 .

PPMOs targeting mcr1 restore E. coli polymyxin sensitivity. (A) 3′-end-conjugated PPMOs targeted to the mcr-1 sequence of E. coli SHP45 are displayed as in Fig. 1 (X indicates 6-hexanoic acid, and B indicates beta-alanine). (B) Fold enhancement of the MICs of the three most common formulations of polymyxin, i.e., colistimethate and colistin sulfate (polymyxin E) and polymyxin B sulfate, by the two MCR-1 PPMOs at 16 μM. Fold enhancement of the MIC is represented as MIC_{Ctrl PPMO}/MIC_{MCR-1 PPMO}. Green boxes represent an enhancement (≥2), and red boxes represent no enhancement (≤2). (C) CFU determination of the mcr-1-positive strains following MIC measurement. Pink lines indicate the inoculum, and dashed black lines indicate the CFU limit of detection (LOD).