Table 3. Analysis of patients who required conversion.
| Variables | No-converted patient early stage-group A (n=395) | Converted patient locally advanced-stage group B (n=59) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (male) [n (%)] | 271 (59.7) | 43 (72.8) | 0.549 |
| Mean age (mean ± SD) (years) | 68.39±9.22 | 68.71±9.03 | 0.800 |
| FEV1% (mean ± SD) | 91.93±21.35 | 87.00±18.64 | 0.112 |
| FVC% (mean ± SD) | 99.60±19.93 | 94.26±16.76 | 0.061 |
| DLCO (mean ± SD) (%) | 63.74±36.91 | 59.65±42.35 | 0.456 |
| Side [n (%)] | 0.672 | ||
| Right | 229 (58.0) | 32 (54.3) | |
| Left | 166 (42.0) | 27 (45.7) | |
| Surgical approach [n (%)] | 0.880 | ||
| Copenaghen anterior approach | 295 (74.68) | 39 (66.20) | |
| Uniportal | 33 (8.35) | 4 (6.70) | |
| Others | 67 (16.96) | 16 (27.10) | |
| Surgical procedure [n (%)] | 0.466 | ||
| Upper lobectomy | 191 (49.36) | 22 (37.28) | |
| Middle lobectomy | 18 (4.81) | 5 (8.47) | |
| Lower lobectomy | 175 (44.30) | 27 (45.76) | |
| Upper bilobectomy | 5 (1.26) | 1 (1.69) | |
| Lower bilobectomy | 6 (1.51) | 4 (6.77) | |
| Type of lymphadenectomy [n (%)] | 0.765 | ||
| Radical lymph node dissection | 290 (73.4) | 41 (69.4) | |
| Sampling | 105 (26.6) | 18 (30.6) | |
| EBL (mean ± SD) (mL) | 144.91±157.97 | 366.25±538.10 | 0.000 |
| Operative time (mean ± SD) (min) | 189.70±61.12 | 221.63±73.51 | 0.000 |
| Final pathological diagnosis [n (%)] | 0.026 | ||
| ADC | 255 (64.50) | 28 (47.45) | |
| SCC | 97 (24.50) | 23 (38.98) | |
| Others | 43 (11.00) | 8 (13.55) | |
| Pathological stage [n (%)] | 0.067 | ||
| 2bN0 | 113 (28.60) | 17 (28.81) | |
| 3N0 | 115 (29.11) | 13 (22.00) | |
| 3N2 | 20 (5.00) | 5 (8.47) | |
| 2bN2 | 12 (3.00) | 4 (6.77) | |
| 3N1 | 18 (4.50) | 3 (5.00) | |
| Pathological N status [n (%)] | 0.113 | ||
| N0 | 295 (74.6) | 37 (62.7) | |
| N1 | 49 (12.4) | 9 (15.3) | |
| N2 | 51 (12.9) | 13 (22.0) | |
| Pathological resection status [n (%)] | 0.000 | ||
| R0 | 384 (97.2) | 53 (89.9) | |
| R1 | 11 (2.8) | 4 (6.8) | |
| R2 | 0 | 2 (3.3) | |
| Number of total lymph nodes dissected (mean ± SD) | 15.95±10.72 | 13.95±8.47 | 0.171 |
| Number of N1 lymph nodes dissected (mean ± SD) | 7.71±7.66 | 6.49±4.30 | 0.210 |
| Number of N2 lymph nodes dissected (mean ± SD) | 8.39±6.61 | 7.42±6.68 | 0.290 |
| Any complications [n (%)] | 111 (28.0) | 21 (35.5) | 0.282 |
| Hospital stay (mean ± SD) (days) | 7.29±6.89 | 12.41±21.32 | 0.000 |
| Adjuvant therapy [n (%)] | 132 (33.4) | 20 (33.9) | 0.920 |
DLCO, diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide; SD, standard deviation; ADC, adenocarcinoma; SCC, squamous cell carcinoma; EBL, estimated blood loss.