. 2017 Jan 12;5(7):1037–1045. doi: 10.1177/2050640616688140

Table 1.

Characteristics of studies included in the systematic review and meta-analysis.

First author, year ^reference	Country	Procedure	Sedation	Dosage of DEX or PF	Rescue drug	Sample size	Age	Gender (M/F)
Takimoto, 2011⁸	Japan	ESD	DEX+Pentazocine	0.25 µg/kg (5 min) followed by 0.4 µg/kg/h	Midazolam	30	70 (52–80)	13/17
Takimoto, 2011⁸			PF+Pentazocine	5 mg (bolus) followed by 3 mg/kg/h	Midazolam	30	69 (47–79)	14/16
Hasanin, 2014⁹	Egypt	EGD/CS	DEX	2.5 µg/kg (10 min) followed by 2 µg/kg/h	DEX	40	8.4 ± 3.8	22/18
Hasanin, 2014⁹			PF	2 mg/kg (bolus) followed by 6 mg/kg/h	PF	40	9.9 ± 4.8	24/16
Samson, 2014¹⁰	India	EGD	DEX	1 µg/kg (10 min) followed by 0.5 µg/kg/h	Fentanyl	30	36.8 ± 9.6	19/11
Samson, 2014¹⁰			PF	1 mg/kg (bolus) followed by 3 mg/kg/h	Fentanyl	30	34.8 ± 10.1	17/13
Kim, 2015¹¹	Korea	ESD	DEX+Remifentanil	0.5 µg/kg (5 min) followed by 0.3–0.7 µg/kg/h	PF	29	62.1 ± 10.3	19/10
Kim, 2015¹¹			PF+Remifentanil	0.5 mg/kg (bolus) followed by 1.8 mg/kg/h	PF	30	62.9 ± 12.3	22/8
Wu, 2015¹²	China	EGD	DEX+Fentanyl	1 µg/kg (10 min) followed by 0.5 µg/kg/h	PF	19	52 ± 8.4	8/11
Wu, 2015¹²			PF+Fentanyl	0.6 mg/kg (bolus), 10–20 mg (additional bolus doses)	PF	21	57 ± 9.5	9/12
Eberl, 2016¹³	Netherlands	Esophageal procedure	DEX+Alfentanil	1 µg/kg (10 min) followed by 0.7 µg/kg/h	PF	31	>18	28/3
Eberl, 2016¹³	Netherlands	Esophageal procedure	PF+Alfentanil	TCI (targeted plasma concentration 2 µg/ml)	PF	31	>18	22/9

EGD: upper gastrointestinal endoscopy; CS: colonoscopy; ESD: endoscopic submucosal dissection; DEX: dexmedetomidine; PF: propofol; TCI: target controlled infusion system; M: male; F: female.