Table 1.
Patient characteristics.
| Characteristic | Control N = 41 | Intervention N = 40 | Total N = 81 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 58.6 (19.5) | 61.4 (20.6) | 60.0 (20.0) | 0.537 |
| Female | 14 (34.1) | 17 (42.5) | 31 (38.3) | 0.439 |
| Total number of comorbidities | 2.7 (1.6) | 3.1 (1.3) | 2.9 (1.4) | 0.285 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Alcohol or recreational drug use | 11 (26.8) | 11 (27.5) | 22 (27.2) | 0.946 |
| Depression | 8 (19.5) | 8 (20.0) | 16 (19.8) | 0.956 |
| Insomnia or chronic outpatient sleep aid use | 1 (2.4) | 2 (5.0) | 3 (3.7) | 0.542 |
| Rheumatologic | 3 (7.3) | 5 (12.5) | 8 (9.9) | 0.434 |
| Pulmonary | 7 (17.1) | 15 (37.5) | 22 (27.2) | 0.039 |
| GI | 12 (29.3) | 12 (30.0) | 24 (29.6) | 0.943 |
| Endocrine | 16 (39.0) | 22 (55.0) | 38 (46.9) | 0.150 |
| Cardiovascular | 22 (53.7) | 20 (50.0) | 42 (51.9) | 0.742 |
| Cancer | 12 (29.3) | 6 (15.0) | 18 (22.2) | 0.123 |
| Shift work in past year | 15 (36.6) | 5 (12.5) | 20 (24.7) | 0.012 |
| Self-reported previous diagnosis of sleep disorder | 7 (17.1) | 14 (35.0) | 21 (25.9) | 0.066 |
| Sleep pharmaceutic use at home in past year | 19 (46.3) | 19 (47.5) | 38 (46.9) | 0.917 |
| Any sleep pharmaceutic use in hospital | 12 (29.3) | 12 (30.0) | 24 (29.6) | 0.943 |
| Single patient room | 7 (17.1) | 8 (20.0) | 15 (18.5) | 0.735 |
| Frequency of scheduled vitals | 0.438 | |||
| < 4x/day | 13 (31.7) | 19 (47.5) | 32 (39.5) | |
| ≥ 4x/day | 28 (68.3) | 21 (52.5) | 49 (60.5) | |
| Length of stay, days | 5.8 (3.9) | 6.8 (5.6) | 6.3 (4.8) | 0.378 |
| Any exposure to ICU/CCU | 3 (7.3) | 4 (10.0) | 7 (8.6) | 0.668 |
| Most responsible diagnosis | ||||
| DM | 2 (4.9) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (2.5) | 0.132 |
| Delirium | 1 (2.4) | 2 (5.0) | 3 (3.7) | |
| HF | 3 (7.3) | 5 (12.5) | 8 (9.9) | |
| Infection | 14 (34.1) | 17 (42.5) | 31 (38.3) | |
| Substance | 9 (22.0) | 4 (10.0) | 13 (16.0) | |
| VTE | 4 (9.8) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (4.9) | |
| Other | 8 (19.5) | 12 (30.0) | 20 (24.7) |
Numbers are displayed as n (%) for categorical variables and mean (SD) for continuous variables. p-values calculated using Chi-square test (categorical) or t-test (continuous)