Table 1.

Treatments with hypoglycemic agents in HD murine models

	Weight loss	Plasma glucose level	Plasma insulin level	Insulin sensitivity	Pancreatic morphology	Motor coordination	Life span	Murine model
Glibenclamide	No modification	Reduced	–	–	–	No modification	No modification	R6/2
Rosiglitazone	No modification	No modification	–	–	–	No modification	No modification	R6/2
Metformin	No modification	No modification	–	–	–	Partial improvement	Increased 20.1% in males	R6/2
Exenatide	Increased	Reduced	Reduced	Increased	Significant improvement	Significant improvement	Increased 18% in males	N171-82Q
GLP-1-Tf	No modification	Reduced	Increased	–	Significant improvement	Partial improvement	Increased 17% in males	N171-82Q
Insulin	No modification	No modification	Increased	–	No modification	Reduced	No modification	N171-82Q
Resveratrol	No modification	Reduced	–	–	–	No modification	No modification	N171-82Q

–: No Data. Table compiled information from references [23, 63, 64, 67]. Glibenclamide – sulfonylurea, which depolarizes pancreatic β-cells by blocking ATP-sensitive potassium channels causing exocytosis of insulin–; Rosiglitazone – increases insulin sensitivity by activating the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ–; metformin – a widely antidiabetic drug, and also, an inducer of insulin sensitization among other positive effects on glucose transport and hepatic glucose synthesis–; Exenatide – antidiabetic glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1) receptor agonist (58)–; GLP-1Tf – a fusion protein made up of GLP-1 and nonglycosylated form of human transferrin–; Insulin – the basic treatment for type 1 diabetes, and frequently used in long standing T2D to achieve adequate glycemic control–; and resveratrol – a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound, which targets SIRT1 (also known as NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1) protein involved in metabolic actions.