. 2017 Sep 5;95(11):738–748. doi: 10.2471/BLT.17.191916

Table 2. Characteristics of 10 countries in study sample, 2007–2015.

Country	Year of SPA	No. of facilities surveyed			GDP per capita (US$)^a	THE per capita (US$)^a	OOPE (% of THE)^a	ERFH (% of THE)^a	Life expectancy at birth (years)^a	Area (km²)^b	Mean SRI (%)^c
Country	Year of SPA	All	HC/C	Hospitals	GDP per capita (US$)^a	THE per capita (US$)^a	OOPE (% of THE)^a	ERFH (% of THE)^a	Life expectancy at birth (years)^a	Area (km²)^b	HC/C	Hospitals
Bangladesh^d	2014	1548^d	1381	167	1087	31	67	12	71.2	130 000	41	74
Haiti^e	2013	905^e	784	121	810	65	32	31	62.4	28 000	52	73
Kenya^f	2010	695	443	252	992	39	50	35	58.7	569 000	55	78
Malawi^e	2013	977^e	861	116	341	26	11	69	61.5	94 000	55	80
Namibia^e	2009	411^e	366	45	4124	332	9	12	61.4	823 000	68	82
Nepal^f	2015	963	716	247	744	40	48	13	70.0	143 000	44	76
Rwanda^g	2007	538^e	496	42	398	34	25	52	57.9	25 000	59	79
Senegal^f,h	2012−2014	727^d	657	70	1051	47	39	27	66.4	193 000	60	69
Uganda^f	2007	491	372	119	410	48	42	22	53.7	201 000	41	76
United Republic of Tanzania^f	2015	1188	932	256	865	52	23	36	65.5	886 000	48	82
Full sample		8443	7008	1435							52	77

ERFH: external resources for health; GDP: gross domestic product; HC/C: health centres/clinics; OOPE: out-of-pocket expenditure; SPA: service provision assessment; THE: total health expenditure; US$: United States dollars.

^a For closest year available to year of service provision assessment.

^b To the closest 1000 km².

^c The corresponding intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.29 for health centres/clinics and 0.09 for hospitals. The mean service-readiness-index values recorded for all facilities, health centres/clinics and hospitals were 54% (standard deviation, SD:17), 77% (SD:12) and 52% (SD:16), respectively.

^d Data came from sample considered representative of the country’s health system, excluding small private facilities.

^e Sample is a census of health facilities

^f Data came from sample considered representative of the country’s health system.

^g Data came from a census of public facilities and of private facilities with at least 5 staff plus a sample of small private facilities

^h Sample collected over 2 waves representing the first 2 years of a continuous 5-year assessment

Data sources: World Bank Global Development indicators,²⁶ World Health Organization Global Health Observatory²⁷ and authors’ analysis of data from service provision assessments.