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Characterization of the electrostatic lens in a LAN PSI cartridge. (A) Spray solvent with blue dye was sprayed onto a metal plate. Potentials of 200–600 V (in triplicate) were applied to the lens, while the potential between the tip and the metal plate was kept fixed (2.3 kV). (B) Relationship between applied lens potential and cross-sectional area of paper spray, which decreases at a higher lens potential. Error bars show the standard deviation.
