Figure 1.

The effect of l-Phe on food intake in rodents. (a) The effect of intra-ileal administration of 10 mm l-Phe on food intake in ad libitum-fed rats at 0–1 h post administration during early dark phase (n=9 crossover, P<0.01 vs control). The effect of OG of control (water) and 3 mmol kg⁻¹ l-Phe on food intake in (b) male rats following an overnight fast (n=13, vehicle; 11, L-Phe; *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001 vs control) and in (c) fasted male mice following an overnight fast receiving an OG of vehicle (10% TWEEN20 in water) and 12 mmol kg⁻¹ l-Phe (n=5, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001 vs control). (d) The effect of OG of vehicle (10% TWEEN20 in water), and 3 and 6 mmol kg⁻¹ l-Phe in ad libitum-fed rats at the beginning of dark phase (n=10, *P<0.05, **P<0.01; 6 mmol kg⁻¹ l-Phe vs control). (e) The effect of OG of vehicle (10% TWEEN20 in water), and 6 and 12 mmol kg⁻¹ l-Phe in ad libitum chow-fed mice at the beginning of dark phase (n=10; *P<0.05, 6 mmol kg⁻¹ l-Phe vs control; **P<0.01, 12 mmol kg⁻¹ l-Phe vs control; ^#P<0.05, 6 vs 12 mmol kg⁻¹ l-Phe), and in (f) ad libitum high-fat diet-fed DIO mice (n=10; *P<0.05, 12 mmol kg⁻¹ l-Phe vs control). All figures show food intake at 0–1, 1–2, 0–2 (except a), 2–4, 4–8 and 0–24 h post administration. All data presented as mean±s.e.m.