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The synthesis of microRNAs (miRNAs) starts in the nucleus. RNA polymerase II synthesizes primiRNAs with 5′ cap and 3′ polyA tail. Drosha and its co-factor DiGeorge syndrome critical region protein 8 (DGCR8) remove 5′ cap and 3′ polyA tail and form premiRNAs. PremiRNAs are transported by exportin 5/Ran GTP system.
