Table 2.
Mortality HRs and SHRs in hypertensive patients with chronic kidney disease according to antihypertensive medication
| Unadjusted HR |
Adjusted model HRa |
Competing risks model SHRb |
Matched adjusted models HRc |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All-cause | Cardiovascular | All-cause | Cardiovascular | All-cause | Cardiovascular | All-cause | Cardiovascular | |
| Combination RAS blockers + ß-blockers | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) | 1.00 (ref) |
| RAS blockers | 1.36 (1.01–1.85)d | 1.30 (0.89–1.90) | 1.16 (0.85–1.59) | 1.25 (0.84–1.87) | 1.12 (0.96–1.28) | 1.11 (0.92–1.30) | 1.55 (1.05–2.28)d | 1.68 (1.05–2.69)d |
| ß-blockers | 1.82 (1.34–2.46)e | 1.72 (1.18–2.50)f | 1.51 (1.09–2.08)f | 1.50 (1.01–2.24)d | 1.44 (1.29–1.59)d | 1.31 (1.11-1.50)d | 1.45 (1.01–2.09)d | 1.59 (1.01–2.50)d |
| Other | 1.74 (1.29–2.34)e | 1.64 (1.13–2.37)f | 1.37 (1.01–1.89)d | 1.61 (1.08–2.39)f | 1.29 (1.13–1.43)d | 1.23 (1.05-1.43)d | 1.46 (1.02–2.10)d | 1.67 (1.08–2.58)d |
HR, hazard ratio; RAS, renin-angiotensin system; SHR, subdistribution hazard ratio.
The HRs and SHR for all-cause mortality or cardiovascular mortality and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (in parentheses) were calculated.
Adjusted Cox models were built including the following covariates: age (years); sex; diabetes mellitus; systolic blood pressure (mm Hg); heart failure (International Classification of Diseases-10th Revision [ICD-10] code: I50); coronary heart disease (ICD-10 code: I25); arrhythmia (ICD-10 codes: I44−I49); stroke (ICD-10 codes: I60−I69, G45−G46); ultrafiltration per session (l), potassium (mEq/l), and vascular access (catheter).
Adjusted Fine and Gray competing risks regression models were built including the following covariates: age (years); sex; diabetes mellitus; systolic blood pressure (mm Hg); heart failure (ICD-10 code: I50); coronary heart disease (ICD-10 code: I25); arrhythmia (ICD-10 codes: I44−I49); stroke (ICD-10 codes: I60−I69, G45−G46); ultrafiltration per session (l), potassium (mEq/l), and vascular access (catheter).
Patients on treatment with both RAS blockers and ß-blockers or any other treatment were matched 1:1 based on different propensity score matching models including the vascular access in the regression analyses.
P < 0.05; eP < 0.001; fP < 0.01; no symbol means no significant differences.