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. 2017 Nov 7;13:318. doi: 10.1186/s12917-017-1244-8

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© The Author(s). 2017

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 5 — Synoviocyte TNFα gene expression (mean log₁₀2^-ΔCT) for synoviocytes exposed to different treatment groups (for further information on treatment groups refer to Table 1). Error bars indicate 95% confidence interval. Asterisk (*) indicates significant difference (p < 0.05) with group 1 (control). Groups included are: control (group 1); mepivacaine (group 2); mepivacaine + morphine (group 3); mepivacaine + MgSO₄ (group 4); mepivacaine + morphine + MgSO₄ (group 5); morphine (group 6); MgSO₄ (group 7); morphine + MgSO₄ (group 8); bupivacaine (group 9); bupivacaine + morphine (group 10); bupivacaine + MgSO₄ (group 11); and bupivacaine + morphine + MgSO₄ (group 12)