Table 2.

Crude mortality rates and adjusted hazard ratios for all-cause and cardiovascular deaths according to CKD and hypertension control status

Mortality	n	Person-years	Events	Crude IR [95% CI] per 1000 person-years	Adjusted HR [95% CI]a	P for interactionb
All-cause						0.95
All participants	4262	33,904	1115	32.9 [31.0–34.9]
Without CKD
cHT (Ref)	1077	8778	260	29.6 [26.2–33.4]	1
ucHT	2194	17,758	480	27.0 [24.7–29.5]	0.86 [0.74–1.01]
aTRH	179	1368	59	43.1 [33.1–55.2]	1.09 [0.82–1.46]
With CKD
cHT	253	1867	100	53.5 [43.8–64.8]	1.33 [1.06–1.68]
ucHT	463	3476	170	48.9 [42.0–56.7]	1.14 [0.93–1.39]
aTRH	96	656	46	70.1 [51.9–92.6]	1.34 [0.98–1.85]
All cardiovascularc						0.68
All participants	4262	33,904	305	9.0 [8.0–10.0]
Without CKD
cHT (Ref)	1077	8778	68	7.7 [6.1–9.8]	1
ucHT	2194	17,758	119	6.7 [5.6–8.0]	0.82 [0.60–1.11]
aTRH	179	1368	21	15.4 [9.8–23]	1.34 [0.81–2.23]
With CKD
cHT	253	1867	33	17.7 [12.4–24.5]	1.63 [1.07–2.48]
ucHT	463	3476	49	14.1 [10.6–18.5]	1.28 [0.87–1.87]
aTRH	96	656	15	22.8 [13.3–36.7]	1.56 [0.88–2.77]
Coronary heart disease						0.21
All participants	4262	33,904	79	2.3 [1.9–2.9]
Without CKD
cHT (Ref)	1077	8778	15	1.7 [1.0–2.7]	1
ucHT	2194	17,758	36	2.0 [1.4–2.8]	1.01 [0.54–1.88]
aTRH	179	1368	3	2.2 [0.6–5.9]	0.71 [0.2–2.53]
With CKD
cHT	253	1867	5	2.7 [1.0–5.9]	1.10 [0.40–3.07]
ucHT	463	3476	12	3.5 [1.9–5.8]	1.36 [0.62–2.99]
aTRH	96	656	8	12.2 [5.7–23.0]	3.27 [1.34–7.99]
Cardiovascular death other than stroke or coronary heart diseased						0.07
All participants	4262	33,904	188	5.5 [4.8–6.4]
Without CKD
cHT (Ref)	1077	8778	44	5.0 [3.7–6.7]	1
ucHT	2194	17,758	63	3.5 [2.8–4.5]	0.70 [0.47–1.04]
aTRH	179	1368	16	11.7 [7.0–18.5]	1.69 [0.93–3.08]
With CKD
cHT	253	1867	26	13.9 [9.3–20.1]	1.94 [1.18–3.18]
ucHT	463	3476	33	9.5 [6.7–13.2]	1.37 [0.86–2.19]
aTRH	96	656	6	9.1 [3.8–18.8]	1.02 [0.43–2.42]

aTRH, apparent treatment-resistant hypertension (systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥140 and/or ≥90 while taking ≥3 antihypertensive drugs or number of antihypertensive drugs ≥4); CHD, coronary heart diseases; cHT, controlled hypertension; CKD, chronic kidney disease (defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min/1.73m²; cHT: systolic and diastolic blood pressure <140/90 mm Hg while taking 1−3 antihypertensive drugs); HR, hazard ratio; IR, incidence rate; ucHT, uncontrolled hypertension (defined as systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥140 and/or ≥90 while taking 1 or 2 antihypertensive drugs).

^aAll models were adjusted for center, sex, diabetes (defined as use of antidiabetic medication or fasting glycemia ≥7.2 mmol/L or nonfasting glycemia ≥11 mmol/l), history of cardiovascular events, body mass index, hypercholesterolemia, smoking status, and education level.

^bAll interaction between hypertension control status and chronic kidney disease.

^cAll cardiovascular mortality included deaths from stroke, coronary heart disease, strict sudden death, heart failure, and other cardiovascular deaths.

^dCardiovascular deaths other than stroke or coronary heart disease included heart failure, strict sudden death, myocardiopathy, unlocalized aneurysm, and other cardiovascular deaths.