Figure 7. HIV DNA is also found outside the B-cell follicle in CTLA-4+PD-1− cells in ART-suppressed HIV-infected individuals.
(A) Representative image (Pt. 27) of immunofluorescence staining for CTLA-4 (green) and PD-1 (blue) combined with DNAscope hybridization for HIV vDNA (red) in the LN T cell zone (TCZ); Magnification X600. (B) Quantitative image analysis for the TCZ of the LN demonstrating the fraction of HIV vDNA+ cells that express CTLA-4 and/or PD-1 in ART-treated HIV-infected individuals (n=6) with undetectable plasma viral loads (average duration of aviremia is 31.4 months; range of 15.650.5 months).
