Table 3.
Various examples of drug-loaded orthopedic fixation devices.
| Functionality | Drug | Drug Loading Strategy | Drug Encapsulation Materials | Drug Release Timeframe | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anti-infection | Gentamicin | Polymer | PDLLA | 48 hours | [205] |
| Phosphate, PDLLA | 28 days | [206] | |||
| Ciprofloxacin | PLGA | 84 days | [207] | ||
| Gentamicin | Adsorption | TNT | 11 day | [201] | |
| Chlorhexidine, poly(hexamethylenebiguanide), Chloroxylenol | Titanium dioxide layer | N/A | [208] | ||
| Vancomycin | Covalent bonding | Titanium rods | N/A | [202] | |
| Gentamicin | Impregnation | N/A | 182 days | [203] | |
| Tobramycin | Immersion | HA | 8 days | [204] | |
| Nitrogen oxide | Dip coating | Xerogel | 3 days | [209] | |
| Tissue regeneration | TGF-β1/IGF-1 | Polymer | PDLLA | 42 days | [210, 211] |
| BMP-2 | Immersion | N/A | 35 days | [212, 213] | |
| Gentamicin/BMP-2 | Immobilization | Heparin-Dopamine | 28 days | [214] | |
| Simvastatin | PDLLA | N/A | [216] |