Table 2.
Characteristics, comorbidities, risk factors, procedures, postoperative complications and in-hospital outcomes in patients underwent SAVR in Spain in 2014/15, according to type 2 diabetes status
| T2DM n = 4057 |
No T2DM n = 11,956 |
p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female sex, n (%) | 1630 (40.18) | 5061 (42.33) | 0.016 |
| Age, mean (SD) | 72.47 (7.76) | 70.36 (10.03) | < 0.01 |
| Age groups, n (%) | |||
| 40–66 years | 828 (20.41) | 3562 (29.79) | < 0.01 |
| 67–75 years | 1591 (39.22) | 3961 (33.13) | |
| ≥ 76 years | 1638 (40.37) | 4433 (37.08) | |
| Charlson comorbidity index, mean (SD)a | 0.83 (0.9) | 0.81 (0.88) | < 0.01 |
| Congestive heart failure, n (%) | 711 (17.53) | 2229 (18.64) | 0.112 |
| Cerebrovascular disease, n (%) | 284 (7) | 682 (5.7) | 0.003 |
| Dementia, n (%) | 13 (0.32) | 17 (0.14) | 0.023 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease, n (%) | 798 (19.67) | 2295 (19.2) | 0.508 |
| Renal disease, n (%) | 571 (14.07) | 1085 (9.07) | < 0.01 |
| Ischemic heart disease, n (%) | 1626 (40.08) | 3470 (29.02) | < 0.01 |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 1523 (37.54) | 4778 (39.96) | 0.006 |
| Intermittent claudication, n (%) | 67 (1.65) | 80 (0.67) | < 0.01 |
| Endocarditis, n (%) | 128 (3.16) | 549 (4.59) | < 0.01 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 2731 (67.32) | 6094 (50.97) | < 0.01 |
| Lipid metabolism disorders, n (%) | 1856 (45.75) | 3447 (28.83) | < 0.01 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 1041 (25.66) | 2920 (24.42) | 0.115 |
| Obesity, n (%) | 729 (17.97) | 1200 (10.04) | < 0.01 |
| Catheterization, n (%) | 523 (12.89) | 1302 (10.89) | 0.001 |
| Computerized tomography of the torax, n (%) | 149 (3.67) | 629 (5.26) | < 0.01 |
| Magnetic resonance imaging, n (%) | 13 (0.32) | 45 (0.38) | 0.608 |
| Pacemaker device implantation, n (%) | 194 (4.78) | 551 (4.61) | 0.651 |
| Cardioversion, n (%) | 205 (5.05) | 749 (6.26) | 0.005 |
| Balloon counterpulsation, n (%) | 55 (1.36) | 275 (2.3) | < 0.01 |
| Percutaneous coronary interventions | 41 (1.01) | 70 (0.59) | 0.005 |
| Hemodialysis, n (%) | 127 (3.13) | 435 (3.64) | 0.129 |
| Red blood cell transfusion, n (%) | 941 (23.19) | 2806 (23.47) | 0.721 |
| Infection, n (%) | 148 (3.65) | 554 (4.63) | 0.008 |
| Mediastinitis, n (%) | 10 (0.25) | 46 (0.38) | 0.197 |
| Functional disturbances following SAVR, n (%) | 22 (0.54) | 101 (0.84) | 0.057 |
| Any post procedure complicationb | 170 (4.19) | 659 (5.51) | 0.001 |
| Mortality, n (%) | 177 (4.36) | 754 (6.31) | < 0.01 |
| Length of stay, mean (SD) | 16.37 (13.77) | 17.54 (17.27) | < 0.01 |
| Cost, mean (SD) | 23,667 (11,994) | 24,659 (15,210) | < 0.001 |
aCCI was calculated excluding DM
bAny post procedure complication included: infection; mediastinitis; and functional disturbances following SAVR