Table 2.
Late-Adolescent Risk Factors (Ages 19–21) and Early-Adulthood Problematic Cannabis Use Patterns (n = 1,095)
| Non- Problematic n=774 |
Limited Problematic n=195 |
Persistent Problematic n=83 |
Delayed Problematic n=43 |
Significance of Pairwise Comparisonsa |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Psychiatric Risk Factors |
NP, % (N) | LP, % (N) | PP, % (N) | DP,% (N) | LP NP |
PP NP |
DP NP |
LP PP |
LP DP |
PP DP |
| Anxiety disorders | 8.7 (48) | 3.6 (17) | 22.9 (13) | -- | * | * | NS | *** | NS | ** |
| Depressive disorders | 4.2 (39) | 9.2 (24) | 11.5 (6) | -- | * | * | NS | NS | NS | * |
| Suicidality | 5.3 (32) | 6.5 (10) | 16.6 (7) | -- | NS | * | NS | NS | NS | NS |
| Comorbidity: 2 or more | 2.5 (47) | 1.6 (34) | 6.6 (19) | -- | * | *** | NS | * | NS | NS |
| Other Substance Use Risk Factors | ||||||||||
| Tobacco smoking-daily | 33.8 (338) | 85.3 (176) | 86.9 (71) | 65.1 (27) | *** | *** | * | NS | NS | NS |
| Alcohol use disorder | 18.4 (138) | 64.9 (111) | 68.0 (48) | 29.3 (8) | *** | *** | NS | NS | ** | * |
| Illicit drug use | 7.0 (60) | 58.3 (122) | 64.2 (57) | 15.3 (6) | *** | *** | NS | NS | * | ** |
| Economic and Social Risk Factors | ||||||||||
| Material hardships | 49.8 (396) | 67.8 (122) | 53.4 (53) | 64.5 (25) | * | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
| Low education attainment | 16.1 (181) | 28.7 (86) | 33.1 (46) | 43.6 (16) | * | * | NS | NS | NS | NS |
| Young parent of 2+ kids | 6.8 (63) | 2.1 (13) | 9.5 (11) | -- | ** | NS | NS | ** | NS | NS |
| Most friends use drugs | 15.2 (101) | 53.9 (114) | 79.2 (64) | 35.8 (16) | *** | *** | NS | * | * | *** |
| Moderate-violent crime | 6.4 (72) | 25.9 (48) | 33.1 (34) | 29.9 (10) | *** | *** | NS | NS | NS | NS |
Note: Frequencies removed for cell sizes with observations of 5 or less. Data could be made available by contacting primary author. NS = not significant.
a
Adjusted models with sampling weights controlled for sex and race.
*
p<0.05
**
p<0.01
***
p<0.001